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Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) demonstrate exceptional semantic reasoning but struggle with 3D spatial perception when restricted to pure RGB inputs. Despite leveraging implicit geometric priors from 3D reconstruction models,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Jiaxin Zhang , Junjun Jiang , Haijie Li , Youyu Chen , Kui Jiang , Dave Zhenyu Chen

The use of machine learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) in simulations of materials is a state-of-the-art approach, which allows achieving nearly \textit{ab initio} accuracy with orders of magnitude less computational cost.…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-10-28 R. E. Ryltsev , N. M. Chtchelkatchev

The rapid development and large body of literature on machine learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) can make it difficult to know how to proceed for researchers who are not experts but wish to use these tools. The spirit of this review is…

Accurate structural relaxation is critical for advanced materials design. Traditional approaches built on physics-derived first-principles calculations are computationally expensive, motivating the creation of machine-learning interatomic…

We present an active learning framework for efficiently generating training data for machine-learned interatomic potentials (MLIPs). The method combines local entropy-driven molecular dynamics with global dataset-aware filtering: a…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-05-21 Meiyan Wang , Rishi Rao , Li Zhu

Machine learning plays an increasingly important role in computational chemistry and materials science, complementing computationally intensive ab initio and first-principles methods. Despite their utility, machine-learning models often…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-05-06 Makoto Takamoto , Viktor Zaverkin , Mathias Niepert

Machine-Learning Interatomic Potentials (MLIPs) have surged in popularity due to their promise of expanding the spatiotemporal scales possible for simulating molecules with high fidelity. The accuracy of any MLIP is dependent on the data…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-02-27 Natalie E. Hooven , Arthur Y. Lin , Charles H. Carroll , Rose K. Cersonsky

Machine learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) are one of the main techniques in the materials science toolbox, able to bridge ab initio accuracy with the computational efficiency of classical force fields. This allows simulations ranging…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-03-20 Bruno Focassio , Luis Paulo Mezzina Freitas , Gabriel R. Schleder

Though offering unprecedented pathways to molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of technologically-relevant materials and conditions, machine-learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) are typically trained for ``simple'' materials and…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-07-09 Nikola Koutná , Shuyao Lin , Lars Hultman , Davide G. Sangiovanni , Paul H. Mayrhofer

Molecular dynamics (MD) employing machine-learned interatomic potentials (MLIPs) serve as an efficient, urgently needed complement to ab initio molecular dynamics (aiMD). By training these potentials on data generated from ab initio…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-09-19 Kisung Kang , Thomas A. R. Purcell , Christian Carbogno , Matthias Scheffler

Creating a single unified interatomic potential capable of attaining ab initio accuracy across all chemistry remains a long-standing challenge in computational chemistry and materials science. This work introduces a training protocol for…

Machine learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) enable more efficient molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with ab initio accuracy, which have been used in various domains of physical science. However, distribution shift between training and…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-05-15 Taoyong Cui , Chenyu Tang , Dongzhan Zhou , Yuqiang Li , Xingao Gong , Wanli Ouyang , Mao Su , Shufei Zhang

We assess the accuracy of six universal machine-learned interatomic potentials (MLIPs) for predicting the temperature and pressure response of materials by molecular dynamics simulations. Accuracy is evaluated across 13 diverse materials…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-12-01 Konstantin Stracke , Connor W. Edwards , Jack D. Evans

Universal Machine Learning Interactomic Potentials (MLIPs) enable accelerated simulations for materials discovery. However, current research efforts fail to impactfully utilize MLIPs due to: 1. Overreliance on Density Functional Theory…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-02-07 Santiago Miret , Kin Long Kelvin Lee , Carmelo Gonzales , Sajid Mannan , N. M. Anoop Krishnan

Machine-learning interatomic potentials have revolutionized materials modeling at the atomic scale. Thanks to these, it is now indeed possible to perform simulations of \abinitio quality over very large time and length scales. More…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-07-23 Haochen Yu , Matteo Giantomassi , Giuliana Materzanini , Junjie Wang , Gian-Marco Rignanese

Machine learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) provide an effective approach for accurately and efficiently modeling atomic interactions, expanding the capabilities of atomistic simulations to complex systems. However, a priori feature…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-04-22 Tina Torabi , Matthias Militzer , Michael P. Friedlander , Christoph Ortner

Machine learned interatomic potentials (MLIPs) are becoming a standard method for DFT-level accurate molecular dynamics simulation and large-scale studies of crystal energetics. Increasingly popular are universal pre-trained potentials,…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-02-03 Abhijith S Parackal , Rickard Armiento , Florian Trybel

Universal machine-learned interatomic potentials (U-MLIPs) have demonstrated broad applicability across diverse atomistic systems but often require fine-tuning to achieve task-specific accuracy. While the number of available U-MLIPs and…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-08-25 Xiaoqing Liu , Kehan Zeng , Zedong Luo , Yangshuai Wang , Teng Zhao , Zhenli Xu

The core of molecular dynamics simulation fundamentally lies in the interatomic potential. Traditional empirical potentials lack accuracy, while first-principles methods are computationally prohibitive. Machine learning interatomic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Shuyu Bi , Zhede Zhao , Qiangchao Sun , Tao Hu , Xionggang Lu , Hongwei Cheng

Machine learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) provide a computationally efficient alternative to quantum mechanical simulations for predicting material properties. Message-passing graph neural networks, commonly used in these MLIPs, rely…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-09-08 Moin Uddin Maruf , Sungmin Kim , Zeeshan Ahmad