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Technical debt (TD) refers to suboptimal choices during software development that achieve short-term goals at the expense of long-term quality. Although developers often informally discuss TD, the concept has not yet crystalized into a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-01-31 Ipek Ozkaya , Zachary Kurtz , Robert L. Nord , Raghvinder S. Sangwan , Satish M. Srinivasan

Architectural technical debt (ATD) represents trade-offs in software architecture that accelerate initial development but create long-term maintenance challenges. ATD, in particular when self-admitted, impacts the foundational structure of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Edi Sutoyo , Paris Avgeriou , Andrea Capiluppi

Context: Technical Debt (TD) can be paid back either by those that incurred it or by others. We call the former self-fixed TD, and it can be particularly effective, as developers are experts in their own code and are well-suited to fix the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-10-13 Jie Tan , Daniel Feitosa , Paris Avgeriou

Software vulnerabilities, caused by unintentional flaws in source code, are a primary root cause of cyberattacks. Static analysis of source code has been widely used to detect these unintentional defects introduced by software developers.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-08 Andrew A Mahyari

Software vulnerabilities, caused by unintentional flaws in source codes, are the main root cause of cyberattacks. Source code static analysis has been used extensively to detect the unintentional defects, i.e. vulnerabilities, introduced…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Arash Mahyari

Complexity of products, volatility in global markets, and the increasingly rapid pace of innovations may make it difficult to know how to approach challenging situations in mechatronic design and production. Technical Debt (TD) is a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-03-25 Fandi Bi , Birgit Vogel-Heuser , Litong Xu

Context: Technical debt (TD) refers to the additional costs incurred due to compromises in software quality, providing short-term advantages during development but potentially compromising long-term quality. Accurate TD forecasting and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Adekunle Ajibode , Yvon Apedo , Temitope Ajibode

Background: Technical Debt (TD) describes suboptimal software development practices with long-term consequences, such as defects and vulnerabilities. Deadlines are a leading cause of the emergence of TD in software systems. While multiple…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Joshua Aldrich Edbert , Zadia Codabux , Roberto Verdecchia

Detecting security vulnerabilities in software before they are exploited has been a challenging problem for decades. Traditional code analysis methods have been proposed, but are often ineffective and inefficient. In this work, we model…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-05-07 Noah Ziems , Shaoen Wu

Technical debt has become a well-known metaphor among software professionals, illustrating how shortcuts taken during development can accumulate and become a burden for software projects. In the traditional notion of technical debt,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Sebastian Baltes , Veronika Dashuber

The prevalence of security vulnerabilities has prompted companies to adopt static application security testing (SAST) tools for vulnerability detection. Nevertheless, these tools frequently exhibit usability limitations, as their generic…

When developing software, it is vitally important to keep the level of technical debt down since it is well established from several studies that technical debt can, e.g., lower the development productivity, decrease the developers' morale,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-01-06 Terese Besker , Antonio Martini , Jan Bosch

Self-admitted technical debt (SATD) impairs scientific software (SSW), yet its prioritization, sentiment, persistence, and propagation remains underexplored. Understanding how SSW developers express, and address SATD is crucial for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Eric L. Melin , Nasir U. Eisty , Gregory R. Watson , Addi Malviya-Thakur

Background. Software companies need to manage and refactor Technical Debt issues. Therefore, it is necessary to understand if and when refactoring Technical Debt should be prioritized with respect to developing features or fixing bugs.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-01-31 Valentina Lenarduzzi , Terese Besker , Davide Taibi , Antonio Martini , Francesca Arcelli Fontana

Generative AI is accelerating software development, but may quietly shift where the most significant risks lie. As AI generates code faster than teams can understand it, two under appreciated forms of debt accumulate: cognitive debt, the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Margaret-Anne Storey

Context: Technical Debt requirements are related to the distance between the ideal value of the specification and the system's actual implementation, which are consequences of strategic decisions for immediate gains, or unintended changes…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-07-15 Ana Melo , Roberta Fagundes , Valentina Lenarduzzi , Wylliams Santos

Most Self-Admitted Technical Debt (SATD) research utilizes explicit SATD features such as 'TODO' and 'FIXME' for SATD detection. A closer look reveals several SATD research uses simple SATD ('Easy to Find') code comments without the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-14 Murali Sridharan , Leevi Rantala , Mika Mäntylä

Software vulnerabilities in source code pose serious cybersecurity risks, prompting a shift from traditional detection methods (e.g., static analysis, rule-based matching) to AI-driven approaches. This study presents a systematic review of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Samiha Shimmi , Hamed Okhravi , Mona Rahimi

As the role of information and communication technologies gradually increases in our lives, source code security becomes a significant issue to protect against malicious attempts Furthermore with the advent of data-driven techniques, there…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-03 Maryam Taeb

Technical debt (TD) is a metaphor to describe the trade-off between short-term workarounds and long-term goals in software development. Despite being widely used to explain technical issues in business terms, industry and academia still…

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