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Despite of the extreme success of the spectral graph theory, there are relatively few papers applying spectral analysis to hypergraphs. Chung first introduced Laplacians for regular hypergraphs and showed some useful applications. Other…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-02-23 Linyuan Lu , Xing Peng

We introduce nonlocal dynamics on directed networks through the construction of a fractional version of a nonsymmetric Laplacian for weighted directed graphs. Furthermore, we provide an analytic treatment of fractional dynamics for both…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-08-05 Michele Benzi , Daniele Bertaccini , Fabio Durastante , Igor Simunec

The graph entropy describes the structural information of graph. Motivated by the definition of graph entropy in general graphs, the graph entropy of hypergraphs based on Laplacian degree are defined. Some results on graph entropy of simple…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-03-30 Pengli Lu , Yulong Xue

Higher-order networks encode the many-body interactions existing in complex systems, such as the brain, protein complexes, and social interactions. Simplicial complexes are higher-order networks that allow a comprehensive investigation of…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Xue Gong , Desmond J. Higham , Konstantinos Zygalakis , Ginestra Bianconi

Distance plays a fundamental role in measuring similarity between objects. Various visualization techniques and learning tasks in statistics and machine learning such as shape matching, classification, dimension reduction and clustering…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-04-23 Dianbin Bao , Kisung You , Lizhen Lin

As a generalization of graphs, hypergraphs are widely used to model higher-order relations in data. This paper explores the benefit of the hypergraph structure for the interpolation of point cloud data that contain no explicit structural…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-03-18 Kehan Shi , Martin Burger

There are two main notions of a Laplacian operator associated with graphs: discrete graph Laplacians and continuous Laplacians on metric graphs (widely known as quantum graphs). Both objects have a venerable history as they are related to…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2023-10-12 Aleksey Kostenko , Noema Nicolussi

Starting from the approach to the Laplacian with respect to coupling measures and undirected weighted graphs, we provide a setting for a general point of view for a Kirchhoff type divergence and a Laplace operators built on the trivial…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2020-10-07 Hugo Aimar , Ivana Gómez

Hypergraphs are a generalization of graphs in which edges can connect any number of vertices. They allow the modeling of complex networks with higher-order interactions, and their spectral theory studies the qualitative properties that can…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-12-01 Raffaella Mulas

Networks with a prescribed power-law scaling in the spectrum of the graph Laplacian can be generated by evolutionary optimization. The Laplacian spectrum encodes the dynamical behavior of many important processes. Here, the networks are…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-08-28 Steffen Karalus , Joachim Krug

We expand on some invariants used for classifying nonselfadjoint operator algebras. Specifically to nonselfadjoint operator algebras which have a conditional expectation onto a commutative diagonal we construct an edge-colored directed…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2013-07-23 Benton Duncan

Diffuse interface methods have recently been introduced for the task of semi-supervised learning. The underlying model is well-known in materials science but was extended to graphs using a Ginzburg--Landau functional and the graph…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-11-21 Jessica Bosch , Steffen Klamt , Martin Stoll

The standard notion of the Laplacian of a graph is generalized to the setting of a graph with the extra structure of a ``transmission`` system. A transmission system is a mathematical representation of a means of transmitting…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-12-22 Sylvain E. Cappell , Edward Y. Miller

The spectrum of the normalized graph Laplacian yields a very comprehensive set of invariants of a graph. In order to understand the information contained in those invariants better, we systematically investigate the behavior of this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-10-19 Anirban Banerjee , Jürgen Jost

We develop a graph-Hilbert-space framework, inspired by non-commutative geometry, on (infinite) graphs and use it to study spectral properies of \tit{graph-Laplacians} and so-called \tit{graph-Dirac-operators}. Putting the various pieces…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Manfred Requardt

To address the peculiarities of directed and/or signed graphs, new Laplacian operators have emerged. For instance, in the case of directionality, we encounter the magnetic operator, dilation (which is underexplored), operators based on…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Bruno Messias Farias de Resende

In this paper we provide a definition of fractional gradient operators, related to directional derivatives. We develop a fractional vector calculus, providing a probabilistic interpretation and mathematical tools to treat multidimensional…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2013-05-21 M. D'Ovidio , R. Garra

In a variety of problems originating in supervised, unsupervised, and reinforcement learning, the loss function is defined by an expectation over a collection of random variables, which might be part of a probabilistic model or the external…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-01-06 John Schulman , Nicolas Heess , Theophane Weber , Pieter Abbeel

The Laplacian matrix of a simple graph is the difference of the diagonal matrix of vertex degree and the (0,1) adjacency matrix. In the past decades, the Laplacian spectrum has received much more and more attention, since it has been…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-10-31 Xiao-Dong Zhang

Diffusion models are loosely modelled based on non-equilibrium thermodynamics, where \textit{diffusion} refers to particles flowing from high-concentration regions towards low-concentration regions. In statistics, the meaning is quite…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Inga Strümke , Helge Langseth