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Neural collapse (NC) and its multi-layer variant, deep neural collapse (DNC), describe a structured geometry that occurs in the features and weights of trained deep networks. Recent theoretical work by Sukenik et al. using a deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Connall Garrod , Jonathan P. Keating

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are powerful algorithms that have been proven capable of extracting non-Gaussian information from weak lensing (WL) data sets. Understanding which features in the data determine the output of these nested,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-04-14 José Manuel Zorrilla Matilla , Manasi Sharma , Daniel Hsu , Zoltán Haiman

We propose a novel explanation method that explains the decisions of a deep neural network by investigating how the intermediate representations at each layer of the deep network were refined during the training process. This way we can a)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Lukas Pfahler , Katharina Morik

Deep neural networks (DNNs) enable innovative applications of machine learning like image recognition, machine translation, or malware detection. However, deep learning is often criticized for its lack of robustness in adversarial settings…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-14 Nicolas Papernot , Patrick McDaniel

Nearest neighbors (NN) are traditionally used to compute final decisions, e.g., in Support Vector Machines or k-NN classifiers, and to provide users with explanations for the model's decision. In this paper, we show a novel utility of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Giang , Nguyen , Valerie Chen , Mohammad Reza Taesiri , Anh Totti Nguyen

While deep neural networks (DNN) have become an effective computational tool, the prediction results are often criticized by the lack of interpretability, which is essential in many real-world applications such as health informatics.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-29 Mengnan Du , Ninghao Liu , Qingquan Song , Xia Hu

Deep learning has gained great success in various classification tasks. Typically, deep learning models learn underlying features directly from data, and no underlying relationship between classes are included. Similarity between classes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-28 Xueli Xiao , Chunyan Ji , Thosini Bamunu Mudiyanselage , Yi Pan

The vulnerability to adversarial perturbations is a major flaw of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) that raises question about their reliability when in real-world scenarios. On the other hand, human perception, which DNNs are supposed to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-09 Muhammad Ahmed Shah , Bhiksha Raj

This paper presents Discriminative Part Network (DP-Net), a deep architecture with strong interpretation capabilities, which exploits a pretrained Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) combined with a part-based recognition module. This system…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Ronan Sicre , Hanwei Zhang , Julien Dejasmin , Chiheb Daaloul , Stéphane Ayache , Thierry Artières

It is a central challenge in deep learning to understand how neural networks learn representations. A leading approach is the Neural Feature Ansatz (NFA) (Radhakrishnan et al. 2024), a conjectured mechanism for how feature learning occurs.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Enric Boix-Adsera , Neil Mallinar , James B. Simon , Mikhail Belkin

Neural collapse (NC) is a simple and symmetric phenomenon for deep neural networks (DNNs) at the terminal phase of training, where the last-layer features collapse to their class means and form a simplex equiangular tight frame aligning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Sicong Wang , Kuo Gai , Shihua Zhang

Over the past decade, deep learning has proven to be a highly effective tool for learning meaningful features from raw data. However, it remains an open question how deep networks perform hierarchical feature learning across layers. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Peng Wang , Xiao Li , Can Yaras , Zhihui Zhu , Laura Balzano , Wei Hu , Qing Qu

Deep neural networks are ubiquitous due to the ease of developing models and their influence on other domains. At the heart of this progress is convolutional neural networks (CNNs) that are capable of learning representations or features…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Mohammed Bany Muhammad , Mohammed Yeasin

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a ubiquitous tool with many applications in machine learning including feature construction, subspace embedding, and outlier detection. In this paper, we present an algorithm for computing the top…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-10-25 Nikos Karampatziakis , Paul Mineiro

Despite being the appearance-based classifier of choice in recent years, relatively few works have examined how much convolutional neural networks (CNNs) can improve performance on accepted expression recognition benchmarks and, more…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-03-17 Pooya Khorrami , Tom Le Paine , Thomas S. Huang

It is widely believed that learning good representations is one of the main reasons for the success of deep neural networks. Although highly intuitive, there is a lack of theory and systematic approach quantitatively characterizing what…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-30 Liwei Wang , Lunjia Hu , Jiayuan Gu , Yue Wu , Zhiqiang Hu , Kun He , John Hopcroft

We propose a random convolutional neural network to generate a feature space in which we study image classification and retrieval performance. Put briefly we apply random convolutional blocks followed by global average pooling to generate a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-19 Yunzhe Xue , Usman Roshan

Recent work has observed an intriguing ''Neural Collapse'' phenomenon in well-trained neural networks, where the last-layer representations of training samples with the same label collapse into each other. This appears to suggest that the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Yongyi Yang , Jacob Steinhardt , Wei Hu

Deep neural networks perform remarkably well on image classification tasks but remain vulnerable to carefully crafted adversarial perturbations. This work revisits linear dimensionality reduction as a simple, data-adapted defense. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Killian Steunou , Théo Druilhe , Sigurd Saue

Convolutional neural network (CNN) is a class of artificial neural networks widely used in computer vision tasks. Most CNNs achieve excellent performance by stacking certain types of basic units. In addition to increasing the depth and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Junyi An , Fengshan Liu , Jian Zhao , Furao Shen