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Meteorites are classified as either non-carbonaceous- (NC) or carbonaceous (CC), representing bodies that likely formed in the inner- or outer solar system, respectively. Despite its location in the inner solar system, the Earth is thought…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-15 Paolo A. Sossi , Dan J. Bower

Radiometric dating indicates that Mars accreted in the first ~4 Myr of solar system formation, which coincides with the formation and possible migration of Jupiter. While nebular gas from the protoplanetary disk was still present, Jupiter…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-04-10 R. Brasser , N. Dauphas , S. J. Mojzsis

Nucleosynthetic Fe isotopic anomalies in meteorites may be used to reconstruct the early dynamical evolution of the solar system and to identify the origin and nature of the material that built planets. Using high-precision iron isotopic…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-17 Timo Hopp , Nicolas Dauphas , Fridolin Spitzer , Christoph Burkhardt , Thorsten Kleine

The diverse isotopic anomalies of meteorites demonstrate that the protoplanetary disk was composed of components from different stellar sources, which mixed in the disk and formed the planetary bodies. However, the origin of the accretion…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-23 Kang Shuai , Hejiu Hui , Li-Yong Zhou , Weiqiang Li

The Mo and Ru isotopic compositions of meteorites and the bulk silicate Earth (BSE) hold important clues about the provenance of Earth's building material. Prior studies have argued that non-carbonaceous (NC) and carbonaceous (CC) meteorite…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-16 Timo Hopp , Gerrit Budde , Thorsten Kleine

Dynamical models of planet formation coupled with cosmochemical data from martian meteorites show that Mars' isotopic composition is distinct from that of Earth. Reconciliation of formation models with meteorite data require that Mars grew…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-09-12 Jason Man Yin Woo , Ramon Brasser , Soko Matsumura , Stephen J. Mojzsis , Shigeru Ida

Isotope anomalies among planetary bodies provide key constraints on planetary genetics and the Solar System's dynamical evolution. However, to unlock the full potential of these anomalies for constraining the processing, mixing, and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-07-31 Christoph Burkhardt , Nicolas Dauphas , Ulrik Hans , Bernard Bourdon , Thorsten Kleine

The nucleosynthetic isotope signatures of meteorites and the bulk silicate Earth (BSE) indicate that Earth consists of a mixture of "carbonaceous" (CC) and "non-carbonaceous" (NC) materials. We show that the fration of CC material recorded…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-08 Francis Nimmo , Thorsten Kleine , Alessandro Morbidelli , David Nesvorny

Understanding the composition of raw materials that formed the Earth is a crucial step towards understanding the formation of terrestrial planets and their bulk composition. Calcium is the fifth most abundant element in terrestrial planets…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-04-24 Elsa Amsellem , Frédéric Moynier , Emily A. Pringle , Audrey Bouvier , Heng Chen , James M. D. Day

Combining isotopic constraints from meteorite data with dynamical models of planet formation proves to be advantageous in identifying the best model for terrestrial planet formation. Prior studies have shown that the probability of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-09-02 Jingyi Mah , Ramon Brasser

Composition of terrestrial planets records planetary accretion, core-mantle and crust-mantle differentiation, and surface processes. Here we compare the compositional models of Earth and Mars to reveal their characteristics and formation…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-30 Takashi Yoshizaki , William F. McDonough

One in every two atoms in the Earth, Mars, and the Moon is oxygen; it is the third most abundant element in the solar system. The oxygen isotopic compositions of the terrestrial planets are different from those of the Sun and demonstrate…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-05-07 William F McDonough

In order to test planetary accretion and differentiation scenarios, we integrated a multistage core-mantle differentiation model with N-body accretion simulations. Impacts between embryos and planetesimals result in magma ocean formation…

Comparing compositional models of the terrestrial planets provides insights into physicochemical processes that produced planet-scale similarities and differences. The widely accepted compositional model for Mars assumes Mn and more…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-02-12 Takashi Yoshizaki , William F. McDonough

Among the elements exhibiting non-mass dependent isotopic variations in meteorites, chromium (Cr) has been central in arguing for an isotopic homogeneity between the Earth and the Moon. However, the 54Cr isotope composition of the Moon…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-12-08 Berengere Mougel , Frederic Moynier , Christa Gopel

The fundamentally different isotopic compositions of non-carbonaceous (NC) and carbonaceous (CC) meteorites reveal the presence of two distinct reservoirs in the solar protoplanetary disk that were likely separated by Jupiter. However, the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-22 Fridolin Spitzer , Christoph Burkhardt , Gerrit Budde , Thomas S. Kruijer , Alessandro Morbidelli , Thorsten Kleine

Not only do the sampled terrestrial worlds (Earth, Mars, and asteroid 4 Vesta) differ in their mass-independent (nucleosynthetic) isotopic compositions of many elements (e.g. $\varepsilon^{48}$Ca, $\varepsilon^{50}$Ti, $\varepsilon^{54}$Cr,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-20 J. Mah , R. Brasser , J. M. Y. Woo , A. Bouvier , S. J. Mojzsis

The bulk chemical compositions of planets are uncertain, even for major elements such as Mg and Si. This is due to the fact that the samples available for study all originate from relatively shallow depths. Comparison of the stable isotope…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-08-06 Nicolas Dauphas , Franck Poitrasson , Christoph Burkhardt , Hiroshi Kobayashi , Kosuke Kurosawa

Earth is depleted in volatile elements relative to chondritic meteorites, its possible building blocks. The extent of this depletion increases with decreasing condensation temperature, and is approximated by a cumulative normal…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-19 Paolo A. Sossi , Ingo L. Stotz , Seth A. Jacobson , Alessandro Morbidelli , Hugh St. C. O'Neill

Chondrites, the building blocks of the terrestrial planets, have mass and atomic proportions of oxygen, iron, magnesium, and silicon totaling $\geq$90\% and variable Mg/Si ($\sim$25\%), Fe/Si (factor of $\geq$2), and Fe/O (factor of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-09-10 William F. McDonough , Takashi Yoshizaki
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