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The rise of large language models (LLMs) is revolutionizing information retrieval, question answering, summarization, and code generation tasks. However, in addition to confidently presenting factually inaccurate information at times (known…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Henry Gilbert , Michael Sandborn , Douglas C. Schmidt , Jesse Spencer-Smith , Jules White

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning methods (PEFTs) offer the promise of adapting large pre-trained models while only tuning a small number of parameters. They have been shown to be competitive with full model fine-tuning for many downstream…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Ahmet Üstün , Asa Cooper Stickland

Training large language models requires jointly configuring two interdependent aspects of the system: the global batch size, which governs statistical efficiency, and the 3D parallelism strategy, which governs hardware throughput. Existing…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Akhmed Sakip , Erland Hilman Fuadi , Omar Sayedelahl , Zonghang Li , Jianshu She , Alham Fikri Aji , Steve Liu , Eric Xing , Qirong Ho

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable emergent capabilities through extensive pre-training, they still face critical limitations in generalizing to specialized domains and handling diverse linguistic variations, known…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Jinwu Hu , Zhitian Zhang , Guohao Chen , Xutao Wen , Chao Shuai , Wei Luo , Bin Xiao , Yuanqing Li , Mingkui Tan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently emerged as planners for language-instructed agents, generating sequences of actions to accomplish natural language tasks. However, their reliability remains a challenge, especially in long-horizon…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Jun Wang , Yevgeniy Vorobeychik , Yiannis Kantaros

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant improvements in reasoning capabilities through supervised fine-tuning and reinforcement learning. However, when training reasoning models, these approaches are primarily applicable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Yoichi Ishibashi , Taro Yano , Masafumi Oyamada

Self-supervised learning has emerged as a key approach for learning generic representations from speech data. Despite promising results in downstream tasks such as speech recognition, speaker verification, and emotion recognition, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Nakamasa Inoue , Shinta Otake , Takumi Hirose , Masanari Ohi , Rei Kawakami

Large pre-training language models (PLMs) have shown promising in-context learning abilities. However, due to the backbone transformer architecture, existing PLMs are bottlenecked by the memory and computational cost when scaling up to a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-13 Mukai Li , Shansan Gong , Jiangtao Feng , Yiheng Xu , Jun Zhang , Zhiyong Wu , Lingpeng Kong

Large language models (LLMs) often exhibit performance disparities across languages, with naive multilingual fine-tuning frequently degrading performance due to negative cross-lingual interference. To address this, we introduce COMPASS…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Noah Flynn

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly adopted for complex scientific text generation tasks, yet they often suffer from limitations in accuracy, consistency, and hallucination control. This thesis introduces a Parameter-Efficient…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Daniil Sulimov

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit a strong capacity for in-context learning: Given labeled examples, they can generate good predictions without parameter updates. However, many interactive settings go beyond static prediction to online…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Emile Anand , Abdullah Ateyeh , Xinyuan Cao , Max Dabagia

Existing research has shown that large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable performance in language understanding and generation. However, when LLMs are continuously fine-tuned on complex and diverse domain-specific downstream tasks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Weijieying Ren , Xinlong Li , Lei Wang , Tianxiang Zhao , Wei Qin

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit substantial parameter redundancy, particularly in Feed-Forward Networks (FFNs). Existing pruning methods suffer from two primary limitations. First, reliance on dataset-specific calibration introduces…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Abhishek Tyagi , Yunuo Cen , Shrey Dhorajiya , Bharadwaj Veeravalli , Xuanyao Fong

Large Language Models (LLMs) trained on historical web data inevitably become outdated. We investigate evaluation strategies and update methods for LLMs as new data becomes available. We introduce a web-scale dataset for time-continual…

Large Language Models (LLMs) often experience performance degradation during long-running interactions due to increasing context length, memory saturation, and computational overhead. This paper presents an adaptive context compression…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Payal Fofadiya , Sunil Tiwari

Motivation: A perennial challenge for biomedical researchers and clinical practitioners is to stay abreast with the rapid growth of publications and medical notes. Natural language processing (NLP) has emerged as a promising direction for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-16 Robert Tinn , Hao Cheng , Yu Gu , Naoto Usuyama , Xiaodong Liu , Tristan Naumann , Jianfeng Gao , Hoifung Poon

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable abilities in diverse natural language processing (NLP) tasks. The LLMs generally undergo supervised fine-tuning (SFT) followed by preference alignment to be usable in downstream…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Shiva Kumar Pentyala , Zhichao Wang , Bin Bi , Kiran Ramnath , Xiang-Bo Mao , Regunathan Radhakrishnan , Sitaram Asur , Na , Cheng

Large models represent a groundbreaking advancement in multiple application fields, enabling remarkable achievements across various tasks. However, their unprecedented scale comes with significant computational costs. These models, often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Zeyu Han , Chao Gao , Jinyang Liu , Jeff Zhang , Sai Qian Zhang

Instruction tuning is a pivotal technique for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human intentions, safety constraints, and domain-specific requirements. This survey provides a comprehensive overview of the full pipeline,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Xudong Han , Junjie Yang , Tianyang Wang , Ziqian Bi , Xinyuan Song , Junfeng Hao , Junhao Song

Existing approaches to lifelong language learning rely on plenty of labeled data for learning a new task, which is hard to obtain in most real scenarios. Considering that humans can continually learn new tasks from a handful of examples, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-01 Chengwei Qin , Shafiq Joty
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