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The emergence of large language models (LLMs) has revolutionized artificial intelligence, offering unprecedented capabilities in reasoning, generalization, and zero-shot learning. These strengths open new frontiers in wireless…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Le Liang , Hao Ye , Yucheng Sheng , Ouya Wang , Jiacheng Wang , Shi Jin , Geoffrey Ye Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) are changing the way we operate our society and will undoubtedly impact power systems as well - but how exactly? By integrating various data streams - including real-time grid data, market dynamics, and consumer…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Seyyedreza Madani , Ahmadreza Tavasoli , Zahra Khoshtarash Astaneh , Pierre-Olivier Pineau

This study analyzes changes in the attention mechanisms of large language models (LLMs) when used to understand natural conversations between humans (human-human). We analyze three use cases of LLMs: interactions over web content, code, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Toshish Jawale , Chaitanya Animesh , Sekhar Vallath , Kartik Talamadupula , Larry Heck

With the advancement of large language models (LLMs), significant progress has been achieved in various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. However, existing LLMs still face two major challenges that hinder their broader adoption: (1)…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Zhaofeng Zhong , Wei Yuan , Liang Qu , Tong Chen , Hao Wang , Xiangyu Zhao , Hongzhi Yin

Federated Learning (FL) offers a promising paradigm for training Large Language Models (LLMs) in a decentralized manner while preserving data privacy and minimizing communication overhead. This survey examines recent advancements in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Youyang Qu , Ming Liu , Tianqing Zhu , Longxiang Gao , Shui Yu , Wanlei Zhou

Robust machine learning (ML) models can be developed by leveraging large volumes of data and distributing the computational tasks across numerous devices or servers. Federated learning (FL) is a technique in the realm of ML that facilitates…

Large language models (LLMs) are excellent few-shot learners. They can perform a wide variety of tasks purely based on natural language prompts provided to them. These prompts contain data of a specific downstream task -- often the private…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Haonan Duan , Adam Dziedzic , Mohammad Yaghini , Nicolas Papernot , Franziska Boenisch

Recommender systems have become integral to our digital experiences, from online shopping to streaming platforms. Still, the rationale behind their suggestions often remains opaque to users. While some systems employ a graph-based approach,…

The conventional cloud-based large model learning framework is increasingly constrained by latency, cost, personalization, and privacy concerns. In this survey, we explore an emerging paradigm: collaborative learning between on-device small…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Chaoyue Niu , Yucheng Ding , Junhui Lu , Zhengxiang Huang , Hang Zeng , Yutong Dai , Xuezhen Tu , Chengfei Lv , Fan Wu , Guihai Chen

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) with local data is a widely adopted approach for organizations seeking to adapt LLMs to their specific domains. Given the shared characteristics in data across different organizations, the idea of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Wenkai Guo , Xuefeng Liu , Haolin Wang , Jianwei Niu , Shaojie Tang , Jing Yuan

Federated Learning (FL) is a recent model training paradigm in which client devices collaboratively train a model without ever aggregating their data. Crucially, this scheme offers users potential privacy and security benefits by only ever…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Raja Vavekanand , Kira Sam

One-size-fits-all large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being used to help people with their writing. However, the style these models are trained to write in may not suit all users or use cases. LLMs would be more useful as writing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Xinyue Liu , Harshita Diddee , Daphne Ippolito

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into real-world applications, raising concerns about privacy, security and the need to remove undesirable knowledge. Machine Unlearning has emerged as a promising solution, yet faces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Yisheng Zhong , Zhengbang Yang , Zhuangdi Zhu

Assessing language proficiency is essential for education, as it enables instruction tailored to learners needs. This paper investigates the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) for automatically classifying German texts according to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Elias-Leander Ahlers , Witold Brunsmann , Malte Schilling

Speech model adaptation is crucial to handle the discrepancy between server-side proxy training data and actual data received on local devices of users. With the use of federated learning (FL), we introduce an efficient approach on…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-16 Zhe Liu , Ke Li , Shreyan Bakshi , Fuchun Peng

Large Language Models (LLMs) play a critical role in how humans access information. While their core use relies on comprehending written requests, our understanding of this ability is currently limited, because most benchmarks evaluate LLMs…

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have significantly enhanced capabilities in natural language processing and artificial intelligence. These models, including GPT-3.5 and LLaMA-2, have revolutionized text generation,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Yunhong He , Jianling Qiu , Wei Zhang , Zhengqing Yuan

This paper highlights the importance of personalization in large language models and introduces the LaMP benchmark -- a novel benchmark for training and evaluating language models for producing personalized outputs. LaMP offers a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Alireza Salemi , Sheshera Mysore , Michael Bendersky , Hamed Zamani

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable language understanding and generation capabilities. However, training, deploying, and accessing these models pose notable challenges, including resource-intensive demands, extended…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Souvika Sarkar , Mohammad Fakhruddin Babar , Monowar Hasan , Shubhra Kanti Karmaker

Pervasive computing applications commonly involve user's personal smartphones collecting data to influence application behavior. Applications are often backed by models that learn from the user's experiences to provide personalized and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-25 Sangsu Lee , Xi Zheng , Jie Hua , Haris Vikalo , Christine Julien