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Algorithmic recommender systems such as Spotify and Netflix affect not only consumer behavior but also producer incentives. Producers seek to create content that will be shown by the recommendation algorithm, which can impact both the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Meena Jagadeesan , Nikhil Garg , Jacob Steinhardt

This paper examines how data inputs shape competition among artificial intelligences (AIs) in pricing games. The dataset assigns labels to consumers and divides them into different markets, thereby inducing multimarket contact among AIs. We…

General Economics · Economics 2025-12-30 Zhang Xu , Mingsheng Zhang , Wei Zhao

Digital platforms such as social media and e-commerce websites adopt Recommender Systems to provide value to the user. However, the social consequences deriving from their adoption are still unclear. Many scholars argue that recommenders…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Erica Coppolillo , Simone Mungari , Ettore Ritacco , Francesco Fabbri , Marco Minici , Francesco Bonchi , Giuseppe Manco

Recommender systems are the algorithms which select, filter, and personalize content across many of the worlds largest platforms and apps. As such, their positive and negative effects on individuals and on societies have been extensively…

Autonomous pricing algorithms are increasingly influencing competition in digital markets; however, their behavior under realistic demand conditions remains largely unexamined. This paper offers a thorough analysis of four pricing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Aheer Sravon , Md. Ibrahim , Devdyuti Mazumder , Ridwan Al Aziz

Recommender systems are a vital tool that helps us to overcome the information overload problem. They are being used by most e-commerce web sites and attract the interest of a broad scientific community. A recommender system uses data on…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2017-02-22 Fei Yu , An Zeng , Sebastien Gillard , Matus Medo

This paper examines how the observability of demand shocks influences pricing patterns and market outcomes when firms delegate pricing decisions to Q-learning algorithms. Simulations show that demand observability induces Q-learning agents…

General Economics · Economics 2025-12-09 Zexin Ye

Algorithmic pricing raises a question of interpretation as well as intervention: when autonomous deep-learning pricing systems sustain supracompetitive prices, what strategic pattern have they learned, and how might market institutions…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-05-19 Soumen Banerjee

Algorithmic pricing on online e-commerce platforms raises the concern of tacit collusion, where reinforcement learning algorithms learn to set collusive prices in a decentralized manner and through nothing more than profit feedback. This…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Gianluca Brero , Nicolas Lepore , Eric Mibuari , David C. Parkes

Recommender systems continuously interact with users, creating feedback loops that shape both individual behavior and collective market dynamics. This paper introduces a simulation framework to model these loops in online retail…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Gabriele Barlacchi , Margherita Lalli , Emanuele Ferragina , Fosca Giannotti , Luca Pappalardo

Recommender ecosystems are an emerging subject of research. Such research examines how the characteristics of algorithms, recommendation consumers, and item providers influence system dynamics and long-term outcomes. One architectural…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Anas Buhayh , Elizabeth McKinnie , Robin Burke

Recommendation algorithms play a pivotal role in shaping our media choices, which makes it crucial to comprehend their long-term impact on user behavior. These algorithms are often linked to two critical outcomes: homogenization, wherein…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Md Sanzeed Anwar , Grant Schoenebeck , Paramveer S. Dhillon

We present a recommender system based on the Random Utility Model. Online shoppers are modeled as rational decision makers with limited information, and the recommendation task is formulated as the problem of optimally enriching the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Benjamin Heymann , Flavian Vasile , David Rohde

Artificial intelligence algorithms are increasingly used by firms to set prices. Previous research shows that they can exhibit collusive behaviour, but how quickly they can do so has so far remained an open question. I show that a modern…

General Economics · Economics 2026-04-20 Kevin Michael Frick

We study a model of user decision-making in the context of recommender systems via numerical simulation. Our model provides an explanation for the findings of Nguyen, et. al (2014), where, in environments where recommender systems are…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-07-27 Guy Aridor , Duarte Goncalves , Shan Sikdar

Online platforms such as YouTube, Instagram heavily rely on recommender systems to decide what content to present to users. Producers, in turn, often create content that is likely to be recommended to users and have users engage with it. To…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Krishna Acharya , Varun Vangala , Jingyan Wang , Juba Ziani

We propose a fresh `meta-game' perspective on the problem of algorithmic collusion in pricing games a la Bertrand. Economists have interpreted the fact that algorithms can learn to price collusively as tacit collusion. We argue instead that…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-12-16 Cesare Carissimo , Fryderyk Falniowski , Siavash Rahimi , Heinrich Nax

Data and algorithm sharing is an imperative part of data and AI-driven economies. The efficient sharing of data and algorithms relies on the active interplay between users, data providers, and algorithm providers. Although recommender…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-10-27 Peter Müllner , Stefan Schmerda , Dieter Theiler , Stefanie Lindstaedt , Dominik Kowald

Consider sellers in a competitive market that use algorithms to adapt their prices from data that they collect. In such a context it is plausible that algorithms could arrive at prices that are higher than the competitive prices and this…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Jason D. Hartline , Sheng Long , Chenhao Zhang

Recommender Systems are nowadays successfully used by all major web sites (from e-commerce to social media) to filter content and make suggestions in a personalized way. Academic research largely focuses on the value of recommenders for…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-12-18 Dietmar Jannach , Michael Jugovac