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Motivated by an imperative to reduce the carbon emissions of cloud data centers, this paper studies the online carbon-aware resource scaling problem with unknown job lengths (OCSU) and applies it to carbon-aware resource scaling for…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Roozbeh Bostandoost , Adam Lechowicz , Walid A. Hanafy , Noman Bashir , Prashant Shenoy , Mohammad Hajiesmaili

Carbon credit systems have emerged as a policy tool to incentivize emission reductions and support the transition to clean energy. Reliable carbon-credit certification depends on mechanisms that connect actual, measured renewable-energy…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Matteo Vaccargiu , Azmat Ullah , Pierluigi Gallo

Increases in energy prices and the global goal of mitigating CO2 emissions necessitate the development of intelligent Building Management Systems (BMS) that operate on an energy-efficient basis. Data Centers, buildings and/or group of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-19 Xavier Vasques , Thibaut Possompes , Herve Rey , Marine Le Touze , Nicolas Auboin , Emmanuelle Passot , Benoit Lange

In this paper, we study a problem of controlling cooling facilities and computational equipments for energy-efficient operations of data centers. Although a plethora of approaches have been proposed in previous literatures, there is a lack…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-03-19 Masaki Ogura , Jianxiong Wan , Shoji Kasahara

Cloud providers, like Amazon, offer their data centers' computational and storage capacities for lease to paying customers. High electricity consumption, associated with running a data center, not only reflects on its carbon footprint, but…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2011-02-16 Michele Mazzucco , Dmytro Dyachuk , Ralph Deters

Carbon footprint quantification is key to well-informed decision making over carbon reduction potential, both for individuals and for companies. Many carbon footprint case studies for products and services have been circulated recently. Due…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Boris Ruf , Marcin Detyniecki

In recent years, data-intensive applications have been increasingly deployed on cloud systems. Such applications utilize significant compute, memory, and I/O resources to process large volumes of data. Optimizing the performance and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Qing Wang , Snigdhaswin Kar , Prabodh Mishra , Caleb Linduff , Ryan Izard , Khayam Anjam , Geddings Barrineau , Junaid Zulfiqar , Kuang-Ching Wang

Modern data centres are increasingly adopting containers to enhance power and performance efficiency. These data centres consist of multiple heterogeneous machines, each equipped with varying amounts of resources such as CPU, I/O, memory,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Suvarthi Sarkar , Nandini Sharma , Akshat Mittal , Aryabartta Sahu

Containerization is a lightweight application virtualization technology, providing high environmental consistency, operating system distribution portability, and resource isolation. Existing mainstream cloud service providers have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-23 Zhiheng Zhong , Minxian Xu , Maria Alejandra Rodriguez , Chengzhong Xu , Rajkumar Buyya

The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has created unprecedented demands for computational power, yet methods for evaluating the performance, efficiency, and environmental impact of deployed models remain fragmented. Current…

Performance · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Hongyuan Liu , Xinyang Liu , Guosheng Hu

Large supercomputing facilities are critical to research in many areas that impact on decisions such as how to address the current climate emergency. For example, climate modelling, renewable energy facility design and new battery…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Adrian Jackson , Alan Simpson , Andrew Turner

Terrestrial carbon fluxes provide vital information about our biosphere's health and its capacity to absorb anthropogenic CO$_2$ emissions. The importance of predicting carbon fluxes has led to the emerging field of data-driven carbon flux…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Matthew Fortier , Mats L. Richter , Oliver Sonnentag , Chris Pal

Modular data centers (MDCs) that can be placed right at the energy farms and powered mostly by renewable energy, are proven to be a flexible and effective approach to lowering the carbon footprint of data centers. However, the main…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Jinghan Sun , Zibo Gong , Anup Agarwal , Shadi Noghabi , Ranveer Chandra , Marc Snir , Jian Huang

Cloud Computing paradigm has revolutionized IT industry and be able to offer computing as the fifth utility. With the pay-as-you-go model, cloud computing enables to offer the resources dynamically for customers anytime. Drawing the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-02-13 Qiheng Zhou , Minxian Xu , Sukhpal Singh Gill , Chengxi Gao , Wenhong Tian , Chengzhong Xu , Rajkumar Buyya

The size and complexity of deep neural networks continue to grow exponentially, significantly increasing energy consumption for training and inference by these models. We introduce an open-source package eco2AI to help data scientists and…

Achieving a sustainable electricity infrastructure requires the explicit integration of carbon emissions into power system modeling and optimization. However, existing open-source test cases for power system research lack generator-level…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-20 Young-ho Cho , Min-Seung Ko , Hao Zhu

Environmental sustainability is crucial for Integrated Circuits (ICs) across their lifecycle, particularly in manufacturing and use. Meanwhile, ICs using 3D/2.5D integration technologies have emerged as promising solutions to meet the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Yujie Zhao , Yang Zhao , Cheng Wan , Yingyan Lin

The demand for computing is continuing to grow exponentially. This growth will translate to exponential growth in computing's energy consumption unless improvements in its energy-efficiency can outpace increases in its demand. Yet, after…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-07-04 Noman Bashir , David Irwin , Prashant Shenoy , Abel Souza

The increasing electric vehicle (EV) adoption challenges the energy management of charging stations (CSs) due to the large number of EVs and the underlying uncertainties. Moreover, the carbon footprint of CSs is growing significantly due to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-06-13 Dongxiang Yan , Shihan Huang , Sen Li , Xiaoyi Fan , Yue Chen

This paper examines the problem of optimizing the charging pattern of electric vehicles (EV) by taking real-time electricity grid carbon intensity into consideration. The objective of the proposed charging scheme is to minimize the carbon…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-27 Kai-Wen Cheng , Yuexin Bian , Yuanyuan Shi , Yize Chen