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Temporal graphs have been recently introduced to model changes to a given network that occur throughout a fixed period of time. The Temporal $\Delta$ Clique problem, that generalizes the well known Clique problem to temporal graphs, has…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Danny Hermelin , Yuval Itzhaki , Hendrik Molter , Rolf Niedermeier

A temporal graph is a sequence of graphs (called layers) over the same vertex set -- describing a graph topology which is subject to discrete changes over time. A $\Delta$-temporal matching $M$ is a set of time edges $(e,t)$ (an edge $e$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-04-26 Philipp Zschoche

A temporal graph is a finite sequence of graphs, called snapshots, over the same vertex set. Many temporal graph problems turn out to be much more difficult than their static counterparts. One such problem is \textsc{Timeline Vertex Cover}…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Anton Herrmann , Christian Komusiewicz , Nils Morawietz , Frank Sommer

A temporal graph is an undirected graph $G=(V,E)$ along with a function that assigns a time-label to each edge in $E$. A path in $G$ with non-decreasing time-labels is called temporal path and the distance from $u$ to $v$ is the minimum…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-06-23 Davide Bilò , Gianlorenzo D'Angelo , Luciano Gualà , Stefano Leucci , Mirko Rossi

Several classical combinatorial problems have been considered and analysed on temporal graphs. Recently, a variant of Vertex Cover on temporal graphs, called MinTimelineCover, has been introduced to summarize timeline activities in social…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Riccardo Dondi , Manuel Lafond

We present a family of fast pseudo-approximation algorithms for the minimum balanced vertex separator problem in a graph. Given a graph $G=(V,E)$ with $n$ vertices and $m$ edges, and a (constant) balance parameter $c\in(0,1/2)$, where $G$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Vladimir Kolmogorov , Jack Spalding-Jamieson

A temporal graph $G$ is a sequence $(G_t)_{t \in I}$ of graphs on the same vertex set of size $n$. The \emph{temporal exploration problem} asks for the length of the shortest sequence of vertices that starts at a given vertex, visits every…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Paul Bastide , Carla Groenland , Lukas Michel , Clément Rambaud

Shortcut sets are a vital instrument for reducing the diameter of a static graph and, consequently, its shortest path complexity, which is relevant in numerous subfields of graph theory. We explore the notion of shortcut sets in temporal…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Gerome Quantmeyer

The planar separator theorem by Lipton and Tarjan [FOCS '77, SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics '79] states that any planar graph with $n$ vertices has a balanced separator of size $O(\sqrt{n})$ that can be found in linear time. This…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Édouard Bonnet , Tuukka Korhonen , Hung Le , Jason Li , Tomáš Masařík

A set $V$ is said to be separated by subsets $V_1,\ldots,V_k$ if, for every pair of distinct elements of $V$, there is a set $V_i$ that contains exactly one of them. Imposing structural constraints on the separating subsets is often…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-06 Lyuben Lichev , Nicolás Sanhueza-Matamala

A graph separator is a subset of vertices of a graph whose removal divides the graph into small components. Computing small graph separators for various classes of graphs is an important computational task. In this paper, we present a…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-05-14 Chetan Gupta , Rahul Jain , Raghunath Tewari

The hyperbolicity of a graph, informally, measures how close a graph is (metrically) to a tree. Hence, it is intuitively similar to treewidth, but the measures are formally incomparable. Motivated by the broad study of algorithms and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Sándor Kisfaludi-Bak , Jana Masaříková , Erik Jan van Leeuwen , Bartosz Walczak , Karol Węgrzycki

In this work, we follow the current trend on temporal graph realization, where one is given a property P and the goal is to determine whether there is a temporal graph, that is, a graph where the edge set changes over time, with property P…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Justine Cauvi , Nils Morawietz , Laurent Viennot

The celebrated notion of important separators bounds the number of small $(S,T)$-separators in a graph which are 'farthest from $S$' in a technical sense. In this paper, we introduce a generalization of this powerful algorithmic primitive…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-09-21 Bart M. P. Jansen , Jari J. H. de Kroon , Michał Włodarczyk

In this paper we initiate the study of the temporal graph realization problem with respect to the fastest path durations among its vertices, while we focus on periodic temporal graphs. Given an $n \times n$ matrix $D$ and a $\Delta \in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-05-02 Nina Klobas , George B. Mertzios , Hendrik Molter , Paul G. Spirakis

Given a graph $G=(V,E)$ with two distinguished vertices $s,t\in V$ and an integer parameter $L>0$, an {\em $L$-bounded cut} is a subset $F$ of edges (vertices) such that the every path between $s$ and $t$ in $G\setminus F$ has length more…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-09-11 Petr Kolman

Temporal graphs are graphs where the presence or properties of their vertices and edges change over time. When time is discrete, a temporal graph can be defined as a sequence of static graphs over a discrete time span, called lifetime, or…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Binh-Minh Bui-Xuan , Florent Krasnopol , Bruno Monasson , Nathalie Sznajder

Temporal graphs are graphs whose topology is subject to discrete changes over time. Given a static underlying graph $G$, a temporal graph is represented by assigning a set of integer time-labels to every edge $e$ of $G$, indicating the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2020-09-30 George B. Mertzios , Hendrik Molter , Rolf Niedermeier , Viktor Zamaraev , Philipp Zschoche

The Vertex Separator Problem for a graph is to find the smallest collection of vertices whose removal breaks the graph into two disconnected subsets that satisfy specified size constraints. In the paper 10.1016/j.ejor.2014.05.042, the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-07-19 William W. Hager , James T. Hungerford , Ilya Safro

A (directed) temporal graph is a (directed) graph whose edges are available only at specific times during its (discretized) lifetime $\tau$. In this setting, we ask that walks respect the temporal aspect by defining $\textit{temporal…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Allen Ibiapina , Raul Lopes , Andrea Marino , Ana Silva