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An automatic speaker verification system aims to verify the speaker identity of a speech signal. However, a voice conversion system could manipulate a person's speech signal to make it sound like another speaker's voice and deceive the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-02 Danwei Cai , Zexin Cai , Ming Li

With recent rapid growth of large language models (LLMs), discrete speech tokenization has played an important role for injecting speech into LLMs. However, this discretization gives rise to a loss of information, consequently impairing…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-23 Zhichao Huang , Chutong Meng , Tom Ko

We address the challenge of preserving emotional content in streaming speaker anonymization (SA). Neural audio codec language models trained for audio continuation tend to degrade source emotion: content tokens discard emotional…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-09 Nikita Kuzmin , Kong Aik Lee , Eng Siong Chng

Speaker anonymization systems hide the identity of speakers while preserving other information such as linguistic content and emotions. To evaluate their privacy benefits, attacks in the form of automatic speaker verification (ASV) systems…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-21 Ünal Ege Gaznepoglu , Anna Leschanowsky , Ahmad Aloradi , Prachi Singh , Daniel Tenbrinck , Emanuël A. P. Habets , Nils Peters

Unsupervised representation learning of speech has been of keen interest in recent years, which is for example evident in the wide interest of the ZeroSpeech challenges. This work presents a new method for learning frame level…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-18 Mingjie Chen , Thomas Hain

The rising trend of using voice as a means of interacting with smart devices has sparked worries over the protection of users' privacy and data security. These concerns have become more pressing, especially after the European Union's…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-19 Suhita Ghosh , Yamini Sinha , Ingo Siegert , Sebastian Stober

Neural audio coding has emerged as a vivid research direction by promising good audio quality at very low bitrates unachievable by classical coding techniques. Here, end-to-end trainable autoencoder-like models represent the state of the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-20 Andreas Brendel , Nicola Pia , Kishan Gupta , Lyonel Behringer , Guillaume Fuchs , Markus Multrus

With advances seen in deep learning, voice-based applications are burgeoning, ranging from personal assistants, affective computing, to remote disease diagnostics. As the voice contains both linguistic and para-linguistic information (e.g.,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Yi Zhu , Mohamed Imoussaïne-Aïkous , Carolyn Côté-Lussier , Tiago H. Falk

Deep speaker embedding has achieved satisfactory performance in speaker verification. By enforcing the neural model to discriminate the speakers in the training set, deep speaker embedding (called `x-vectors`) can be derived from the hidden…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-08-28 Xueyi Wang , Lantian Li , Dong Wang

Generally speaking, the main objective when training a neural speech synthesis system is to synthesize natural and expressive speech from the output layer of the neural network without much attention given to the hidden layers. However, by…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-06-28 Hieu-Thi Luong , Junichi Yamagishi

This work proposes the use of clean speech vocoder parameters as the target for a neural network performing speech enhancement. These parameters have been designed for text-to-speech synthesis so that they both produce high-quality…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-04-03 Soumi Maiti , Michael I Mandel

This paper presents a method of sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) voice conversion using non-parallel training data. In this method, disentangled linguistic and speaker representations are extracted from acoustic features, and voice conversion…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-01-14 Jing-Xuan Zhang , Zhen-Hua Ling , Li-Rong Dai

Speaker anonymization aims to conceal speaker-specific attributes in speech signals, making the anonymized speech unlinkable to the original speaker identity. Recent approaches achieve this by disentangling speech into content and speaker…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-17 Kong Aik Lee , Zeyan Liu , Liping Chen , Zhenhua Ling

Voice privacy approaches that preserve the anonymity of speakers modify speech in an attempt to break the link with the true identity of the speaker. Current benchmarks measure speaker protection based on signal-to-signal comparisons. In…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Mehtab Ur Rahman , Martha Larson , Cristian Tejedor-Garcia

Voice anonymisation aims to conceal the voice identity of speakers in speech recordings. Privacy protection is usually estimated from the difficulty of using a speaker verification system to re-identify the speaker post-anonymisation.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-31 Michele Panariello , Sarina Meyer , Pierre Champion , Xiaoxiao Miao , Massimiliano Todisco , Ngoc Thang Vu , Nicholas Evans

In this work, we describe our submissions for the Voice Privacy Challenge 2024. Rather than proposing a novel speech anonymization system, we enhance the provided baselines to meet all required conditions and improve evaluated metrics.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-11 Nikita Kuzmin , Hieu-Thi Luong , Jixun Yao , Lei Xie , Kong Aik Lee , Eng Siong Chng

Children are one of the most under-represented groups in speech technologies, as well as one of the most vulnerable in terms of privacy. Despite this, anonymization techniques targeting this population have received little attention. In…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Ajinkya Kulkarni , Francisco Teixeira , Enno Hermann , Thomas Rolland , Isabel Trancoso , Mathew Magimai Doss

As audio deepfakes transition from research artifacts to widely available commercial tools, robust biometric authentication faces pressing security threats in high-stakes industries. This paper presents a systematic empirical evaluation of…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Mengze Hong , Di Jiang , Zeying Xie , Weiwei Zhao , Guan Wang , Chen Jason Zhang

We present a method to separate speech signals from noisy environments in the embedding space of a neural audio codec. We introduce a new training procedure that allows our model to produce structured encodings of audio waveforms given by…

Deep speaker embeddings have become the leading method for encoding speaker identity in speaker recognition tasks. The embedding space should ideally capture the variations between all possible speakers, encoding the multiple acoustic…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-04-26 Chau Luu , Peter Bell , Steve Renals