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Related papers: Discounting and Impatience

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This paper considers the portfolio management problem of optimal investment, consumption and life insurance. We are concerned with time inconsistency of optimal strategies. Natural assumptions, like different discount rates for consumption…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2011-07-25 Ivar Ekeland , Oumar Mbodji , Traian A. Pirvu

Humans exhibit time-inconsistent behavior, in which planned actions diverge from executed actions. Understanding time inconsistency and designing appropriate interventions is a key research challenge in computer science and behavioral…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Yasunori Akagi , Takeshi Kurashima

How much should you receive in a week to be indifferent to \$ 100 in six months? Note that the indifference requires a rule to ensure the similarity between early and late payments. Assuming that rational individuals have low accuracy, then…

General Economics · Economics 2020-03-02 José Cláudio do Nascimento

Using theory and experiments, this paper shows that the difficulty of making tradeoffs offers a parsimonious explanation for a wide range of behavioral phenomena. We develop a model of imprecise comparisons applicable to multiattribute,…

General Economics · Economics 2026-04-01 Cassidy Shubatt , Jeffrey Yang

In practical reinforcement learning (RL), the discount factor used for estimating value functions often differs from that used for defining the evaluation objective. In this work, we study the effect that this discrepancy of discount…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-16 Yunhao Tang , Mark Rowland , Rémi Munos , Michal Valko

Individuals working towards a goal often exhibit time inconsistent behavior, making plans and then failing to follow through. One well-known model of such behavioral anomalies is present-bias discounting: individuals over-weight present…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-06-10 Nick Gravin , Nicole Immorlica , Brendan Lucier , Emmanouil Pountourakis

In the assignment problem, the goal is to assign indivisible items to agents who have ordinal preferences, efficiently and fairly, in a strategyproof manner. In practice, first-choice maximality, i.e., assigning a maximal number of agents…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Xiaoxi Guo , Sujoy Sikdar , Lirong Xia , Yongzhi Cao , Hanpin Wang

Discounting future costs and rewards is a common practice in accounting, game theory, and machine learning. In spite of this, existing logics for reasoning about strategies with cost and resource constraints do not account for discounting.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Lia Bozzone , Pavel Naumov

Empirical research often cites observed choice responses to variation that shifts expected discounted future utilities, but not current utilities, as an intuitive source of information on time preferences. We study the identification of…

Econometrics · Economics 2020-05-28 Jaap H. Abbring , Øystein Daljord

We investigate the salience of extinction risk as a source of impatience. Our framework distinguishes between human extinction risk and individual mortality risk while allowing for various degrees of intergenerational altruism.…

General Economics · Economics 2025-09-08 Jakub Growiec , Klaus Prettner

In digital health and EdTech, recommendation systems face a significant challenge: users often choose impulsively, in ways that conflict with the platform's long-term payoffs. This misalignment makes it difficult to effectively learn to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Arpit Agarwal , Rad Niazadeh , Prathamesh Patil

A contextual bandit problem is studied in a highly non-stationary environment, which is ubiquitous in various recommender systems due to the time-varying interests of users. Two models with disjoint and hybrid payoffs are considered to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Xiao Xu , Fang Dong , Yanghua Li , Shaojian He , Xin Li

Algorithmic predictions are increasingly informing societal resource allocations by identifying individuals for targeting. Policymakers often build these systems with the assumption that by gathering more observations on individuals, they…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Ali Shirali , Ariel Procaccia , Rediet Abebe

Time-inconsistent preferences, where agents favor smaller-sooner over larger-later rewards, are a key feature of human and animal decision-making. Quasi-Hyperbolic (QH) discounting provides a simple yet powerful model for this behavior, but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-09 S. R. Eshwar

In a continuous time stochastic economy, this paper considers the problem of consumption and investment in a financial market in which the representative investor exhibits a change in the discount rate. The investment opportunities are a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2011-07-12 Traian A. Pirvu , Huayue Zhang

For optimal stopping problems with time-inconsistent preference, we measure the inherent level of time-inconsistency by taking the time needed to turn the naive strategies into the sophisticated ones. In particular, when in a repeated…

General Economics · Economics 2024-08-22 Sang Hu , Zihan Zhou

The goal of developing a firmer theoretical understanding of inhomogenous temporal processes -- in particular, the waiting times in some collective dynamical system -- is attracting significant interest among physicists. Quantifying the…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2015-06-12 Guannan Zhao , Mark McDonald , Dan Fenn , Stacy Williams , Neil F. Johnson

The energetic efficiency of an overdamped Brownian particle in a saw tooth potential in the presence of time asymmetric forcing is studied in the adiabatic limit. An error made in the earlier work on the same problem in literature is…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Raishma Krishnan , Soumen Roy , A. M. Jayannavar

Emphatic algorithms are temporal-difference learning algorithms that change their effective state distribution by selectively emphasizing and de-emphasizing their updates on different time steps. Recent works by Sutton, Mahmood and White…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-07-07 A. Rupam Mahmood , Huizhen Yu , Martha White , Richard S. Sutton

Resetting is a strategy for boosting the speed of a target-searching process. Since its introduction over a decade ago, most studies have been carried out under the assumption that resetting takes place instantaneously. However, due to its…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-05-09 Priyo Shankar Pal , Arnab Pal , Hyunggyu Park , Jae Sung Lee