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The effect of noise on the Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar (ISAR) with sparse apertures is a challenging issue for image reconstruction with high resolution at low Signal-to-Noise Ratios (SNRs). It is well-known that the image resolution…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-18 Mohammad Roueinfar , Mohammad Hossein Kahaei

We present the FastEMRIWaveforms (FEW) package, a collection of tools to build and analyze extreme mass ratio inspiral (EMRI) waveforms. Here, we expand on the Physical Review Letter that introduced the first fast and accurate…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-04-27 Michael L. Katz , Alvin J. K. Chua , Lorenzo Speri , Niels Warburton , Scott A. Hughes

Time-lapse images carry out important information about dynamic changes in Earth's interior which can be inferred using different Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) schemes. The estimation process is performed by manipulating more than one…

Parallel MRI is a fast imaging technique that enables the acquisition of highly resolved images in space. It relies on $k$-space undersampling and multiple receiver coils with complementary sensitivity profiles in order to reconstruct a…

The evaluation and treatment of acute cerebral ischemia requires a technique that can determine the total area of tissue at risk for infarction using diagnostic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences. Typical MRI data sets consist of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-06-14 Vishwa S. Parekh , Jeremy R. Jacobs , Michael A. Jacobs

An accurate velocity model is essential to make a good seismic image. Conventional methods to perform Velocity Model Building (VMB) tasks rely on inverse methods, which, despite being widely used, are ill-posed problems that require intense…

Ultrasound tomography (UST) scanners allow quantitative images of the human breast's acoustic properties to be derived with potential applications in screening, diagnosis and therapy planning. Time domain full waveform inversion (TD-FWI) is…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-01-19 Felix Lucka , Mailyn Pérez-Liva , Bradley E. Treeby , Ben T. Cox

Numerical simulation of ultrasonic wave propagation provides an efficient tool for crack identification in structures, while it requires a high resolution and expensive time calculation cost in both time integration and spatial…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2017-12-06 Shuaifang Zhang , Dongdong He , Dongsheng Li , Zhifeng Zhang , Yu Liu , Wei Shen

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) can be used to characterise the microstructure of the nervous tissue, e.g. to delineate brain white matter connections in a non-invasive manner via fibre tracking. Magnetic Resonance…

We review four types of algorithms for physics-informed machine learning (PIML) inversion of geophysical data. The unifying equation is given by the joint objective function $\epsilon$: \begin{eqnarray} \epsilon^{||-PIML}&=&\lambda_1…

Geophysics · Physics 2023-10-13 Gerard T. Schuster , Shihang Feng

The estimation of physical parameters from data analysis is a crucial point for the description and modeling of many complex systems. Based on R\'enyi $\alpha$-Gaussian distribution and patched Green's function (PGF) techniques, we propose…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-01-11 Wagner A. Barbosa , Sérgio Luiz E. F. da Silva , Erick de la Barra , João M. de Araújo

In clinical examinations and diagnoses, low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) is crucial for minimizing health risks compared with normal-dose computed tomography (NDCT). However, reducing the radiation dose compromises the signal-to-noise…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-02 Haoyu Zhao , Yuliang Gu , Zhou Zhao , Bo Du , Yongchao Xu , Rui Yu

Pre-trained vision foundation models (VFMs) provide strong semantic representations, yet their patch-level features are inherently coarse, limiting their effectiveness on tasks requiring fine-grained localization, dense prediction, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Wentong Li , Zhiyuan Qi , Zichen Zhao , Kai Zhang , Lei Zhang

Conventional frequency-domain full-waveform inversion (FWI) is typically implemented with an $L^2$ misfit function, which suffers from challenges such as cycle skipping and sensitivity to noise. While the Wasserstein metric has proven…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-10 Zhijun Zeng , Matej Neumann , Yunan Yang

Image-based geometric modeling and novel view synthesis based on sparse, large-baseline samplings are challenging but important tasks for emerging multimedia applications such as virtual reality and immersive telepresence. Existing methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Wenpeng Xing , Jie Chen , Zaifeng Yang , Qiang Wang

Thriving underwater applications demand efficient extreme compression technology to realize the transmission of underwater images (UWIs) in very narrow underwater bandwidth. However, existing image compression methods achieve inferior…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Mengyao Li , Liquan Shen , Peng Ye , Guorui Feng , Zheyin Wang

Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) are fast emerging sensors in the field of Earth Observation. It is a remote sensing technology that utilizes laser beams to measure distances and create detailed three-dimensional representations of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-15 Saad Ahmed Jamal

Wave equation techniques have been an integral part of geophysical imaging workflows to investigate the Earth's subsurface. Least-squares reverse time migration (LSRTM) is a linearized inversion problem that iteratively minimizes a misfit…

Computational Physics · Physics 2019-12-11 Janaki Vamaraju , Jeremy Vila , Mauricio Araya-Polo , Debanjan Datta , Mohamed Sidahmed , Mrinal Sen

Recent developments in application of deep learning models to acoustic Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) are marked by the use of diffusion models as prior distributions for Bayesian-like inference procedures. The advantage of these methods is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-19 A. S. Stankevich , I. B. Petrov

Seismic full-waveform inversion is a core technology for obtaining high-resolution subsurface model parameters. However, its highly nonlinear characteristics and strong dependence on the initial model often lead to the inversion process…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Caiyun Liu , Siyang Pei , Qingfeng Yu , Jie Xiong
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