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Zero-Shot Learning (ZSL) aims to recognise unseen object classes, which are not observed during the training phase. The existing body of works on ZSL mostly relies on pretrained visual features and lacks the explicit attribute localisation…

It is well-known that zero-shot learning (ZSL) can suffer severely from the problem of domain shift, where the true and learned data distributions for the unseen classes do not match. Although transductive ZSL (TZSL) attempts to improve…

Zero-shot learning is a learning regime that recognizes unseen classes by generalizing the visual-semantic relationship learned from the seen classes. To obtain an effective ZSL model, one may resort to curating training samples from…

Embedding learning (EL) and feature synthesizing (FS) are two of the popular categories of fine-grained GZSL methods. EL or FS using global features cannot discriminate fine details in the absence of local features. On the other hand, EL or…

Generalised zero-shot learning (GZSL) is a classification problem where the learning stage relies on a set of seen visual classes and the inference stage aims to identify both the seen visual classes and a new set of unseen visual classes.…

Generalised zero-shot learning (GZSL) methods aim to classify previously seen and unseen visual classes by leveraging the semantic information of those classes. In the context of GZSL, semantic information is non-visual data such as a text…

Zero-shot learning (ZSL) tackles the novel class recognition problem by transferring semantic knowledge from seen classes to unseen ones. Existing attention-based models have struggled to learn inferior region features in a single image by…

From the beginning of zero-shot learning research, visual attributes have been shown to play an important role. In order to better transfer attribute-based knowledge from known to unknown classes, we argue that an image representation with…

Generative zero-shot learning (ZSL) synthesizes features for unseen classes, leveraging semantic conditions to transfer knowledge from seen classes. However, it also introduces two intrinsic challenges: (1) class-level attributes fails to…

In most recent years, zero-shot recognition (ZSR) has gained increasing attention in machine learning and image processing fields. It aims at recognizing unseen class instances with knowledge transferred from seen classes. This is typically…

Metric learning algorithms aim to learn a distance function that brings the semantically similar data items together and keeps dissimilar ones at a distance. The traditional Mahalanobis distance learning is equivalent to find a linear…

Despite the advancement of supervised image recognition algorithms, their dependence on the availability of labeled data and the rapid expansion of image categories raise the significant challenge of zero-shot learning. Zero-shot learning…

Zero-shot learning (ZSL) models rely on learning a joint embedding space where both textual/semantic description of object classes and visual representation of object images can be projected to for nearest neighbour search. Despite the…

Zero-shot learning (ZSL) can be formulated as a cross-domain matching problem: after being projected into a joint embedding space, a visual sample will match against all candidate class-level semantic descriptions and be assigned to the…

Zero-shot learning (ZSL) aims to recognize novel classes by transferring semantic knowledge from seen classes to unseen classes. Since semantic knowledge is built on attributes shared between different classes, which are highly local,…

Zero-shot learning (ZSL) is to handle the prediction of those unseen classes that have no labeled training data. Recently, generative methods like Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) are being widely investigated for ZSL due to their…

This paper introduces a novel framework for zero-shot learning (ZSL), i.e., to recognize new categories that are unseen during training, by using a multi-model and multi-alignment integration method. Specifically, we propose three…

Zero-shot learning (ZSL) aims to recognize unseen objects (test classes) given some other seen objects (training classes), by sharing information of attributes between different objects. Attributes are artificially annotated for objects and…

Zero-shot learning (ZSL) makes object recognition in images possible in absence of visual training data for a part of the classes from a dataset. When the number of classes is large, classes are usually represented by semantic class…

Zero-shot learning (ZSL) aims to recognize objects from novel unseen classes without any training data. Recently, structure-transfer based methods are proposed to implement ZSL by transferring structural knowledge from the semantic…