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This is an introduction to graph theory, from a geometric and analytic viewpoint. A finite graph $X$ is described by its adjacency matrix $d\in M_N(0,1)$, which can be thought of as being a kind of discrete Laplacian, and we first discuss…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2024-10-23 Teo Banica

Some class of sums which naturally include the sums of powers of integers is considered. A number of conjectures concerning a representation of these sums is made.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-03-02 Andrei K. Svinin

Graph transformers are a recent advancement in machine learning, offering a new class of neural network models for graph-structured data. The synergy between transformers and graph learning demonstrates strong performance and versatility…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Ahsan Shehzad , Feng Xia , Shagufta Abid , Ciyuan Peng , Shuo Yu , Dongyu Zhang , Karin Verspoor

We generalize the concept of token graphs to obtain supertoken graphs. In the latter case, there can be more than one token in a vertex. We formally define supertoken graphs and establish their basic properties. Moreover, we provide some…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-08 Mónica A. Reyes , Cristina Dalfó , Miquel Àngel Fiol

Hypergraphs and tensors extend classic graph and matrix theory to account for multiway relationships, which are ubiquitous in engineering, biological, and social systems. While the Kronecker product is a potent tool for analyzing the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-04-11 Joshua Pickard , Can Chen , Cooper Stansbury , Amit Surana , Anthony Bloch , Indika Rajapakse

We organize a table of regular graphs with minimal diameters and minimal mean path lengths, large bisection widths and high degrees of symmetries, obtained by enumerations on supercomputers. These optimal graphs, many of which are newly…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-12-30 Yidan Zhang , Xiaolong Huang , Zhipeng Xu , Yuefan Deng

This survey provides an overview of common applications, both implicit and explicit, of "tensors" and "tensor products" in the fields of data science and statistics. One goal is to reconcile seemingly distinct usages of the term "tensor" in…

Applications · Statistics 2022-10-31 William Krinsman

Complex networks or graphs are ubiquitous in sciences and engineering: biological networks, brain networks, transportation networks, social networks, and the World Wide Web, to name a few. Spectral graph theory provides a set of useful…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-01-23 Subhadeep Mukhopadhyay , Kaijun Wang

The present work aims to exploit the interplay between the algebraic properties of rings and the graph-theoretic structures of their associated graphs. We introduce commutatively closed graphs and investigate properties of commutatively…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2021-05-06 André Leroy , Mona Abdi

In the paper we discuss how to share the secrets, that are graphs. So, far secret sharing schemes were designed to work with numbers. As the first step, we propose conditions for "graph to number" conversion methods. Hence, the existing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Kamil Kulesza , Zbigniew Kotulski

Hypergraphs, as a generalization of simplicial complexes, have long been a subject of interest in their geometric interpretation. The subdivision of simplicial complexes can, to some extent, provide insights into the geometry of simplicial…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2023-11-17 Jian Liu , Ran Liu , Jie Wu

The $t$-e.c. and pseudo-random property are typical properties of random graphs. In this note, we study the gap between them which has not been studied well. As a main result, we give the first explicit construction of infinite families of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-07-23 Shohei Satake

Graph kernels have attracted a lot of attention during the last decade, and have evolved into a rapidly developing branch of learning on structured data. During the past 20 years, the considerable research activity that occurred in the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-11-25 Giannis Nikolentzos , Giannis Siglidis , Michalis Vazirgiannis

In this note we classify when a skew Schur function is a positive linear combination of power sum symmetric functions. We then use this to determine precisely when any scalar multiple of a skew Schur function is the chromatic symmetric…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-09-03 Soojin Cho , Stephanie van Willigenburg

A symmetric tensor may be regarded as a partially symmetric tensor in several different ways. These produce different notions of rank for the symmetric tensor which are related by chains of inequalities. By exploiting algebraic tools such…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-12-03 Fulvio Gesmundo , Alessandro Oneto , Emanuele Ventura

Completely positive graphs have been employed to associate with completely positive matrices for characterizing the intrinsic zero patterns. As tensors have been widely recognized as a higher-order extension of matrices, the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-08-19 Changqing Xu , Ziyan Luo , Liqun Qi

Large amount of multidimensional data represented by multiway arrays or tensors are prevalent in modern applications across various fields such as chemometrics, genomics, physics, psychology, and signal processing. The structural complexity…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-05-29 Arnab Auddy , Dong Xia , Ming Yuan

A formula for computing the metric dimension of a simple graph, having no singleton twin, is given. A sufficient condition for a simple graph to have the exchange property, for resolving sets, is found. Some families of power graphs of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-04-01 Usman Ali , Ghulam Abbas , Syed Ahtisham Bokhary

Graph polynomials are graph parameters invariant under graph isomorphisms which take values in a polynomial ring with a fixed finite number of indeterminates. We study graph polynomials from a model theoretic point of view. In this paper we…

Logic · Mathematics 2018-05-24 J. A. Makowsky , E. V. Ravve , T. Kotek

We consider a variety of connections between threshold graphs, shifted complexes, and simplicial complexes naturally formed from a graph. These graphical complexes include the independent set, neighborhood, and dominance complexes. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Caroline Klivans