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Context: Software testability is the degree to which a software system or a unit under test supports its own testing. To predict and improve software testability, a large number of techniques and metrics have been proposed by both…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-12-07 Vahid Garousi , Michael Felderer , Feyza Nur Kilicaslan

Many dependability techniques expect certain behaviors from the underlying subsystems and fail in chaotic ways if these expectations are not met. Under expected circumstances, however, software tends to work quite well. This paper suggests…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2007-05-23 George Candea

Self-adaptive software systems (SASS) are equipped with feedback loops to adapt autonomously to changes of the software or environment. In established fields, such as embedded software, sophisticated approaches have been developed to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-05-22 Joachim Hänsel , Thomas Vogel , Holger Giese

A B testing serves as the gold standard for large scale, data driven decision making in online businesses. To mitigate metric variability and enhance testing sensitivity, control variates and regression adjustment have emerged as prominent…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-13 Yu Zhang , Bokui Wan , Yongli Qin

Software systems are increasingly making decisions on behalf of humans, raising concerns about the fairness of such decisions. Such concerns are usually attributed to flaws in algorithmic design or biased data, but we argue that they are…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-04-09 Ali Farahani , Liliana Pasquale , Amel Bennaceur , Thomas Welsh , Bashar Nuseibeh

Online controlled experiments, now commonly known as A/B testing, are crucial to causal inference and data driven decision making in many internet based businesses. While a simple comparison between a treatment (the feature under test) and…

Applications · Statistics 2015-01-05 Yu Guo , Alex Deng

A/B testing refers to the statistical procedure of conducting an experiment to compare two treatments, A and B, applied to different testing subjects. It is widely used by technology companies such as Facebook, LinkedIn, and Netflix, to…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-12 Victoria Pokhiko , Qiong Zhang , Lulu Kang , D'arcy P. Mays

The experimental evaluation of the methods and concepts covered in software engineering has been increasingly valued. This value indicates the constant search for new forms of assessment and validation of the results obtained in Software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-06-30 T. F. M. Sirqueira , M. A. Miguel , H. L. O. Dalpra , M. A. P. Araujo , J. M. N. David

This paper examines how spillover effects in A/B testing can impede organizational progress and develops strategies for mitigating these challenges. We identify a phenomenon termed ``seesaw experimentation'', where a firm's overall…

General Economics · Economics 2025-01-16 Jin Li , Ye Luo , Xiaowei Zhang

Randomized experiments play a major role in data-driven decision making across many different fields and disciplines. In medicine, for example, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are the backbone of clinical trial methodology for testing…

Applications · Statistics 2016-08-30 Andrew W. Correia

Large language models are redefining software engineering by implementing AI-powered techniques throughout the whole software development process, including requirement gathering, software architecture, code generation, testing, and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Malik Abdul Sami , Muhammad Waseem , Zeeshan Rasheed , Mika Saari , Kari Systä , Pekka Abrahamsson

Computational experiments have become essential for scientific discovery, allowing researchers to test hypotheses, analyze complex datasets, and validate findings. However, as computational experiments grow in scale and complexity, ensuring…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Eleni Adamidi , Panayiotis Deligiannis , Nikos Foutris , Thanasis Vergoulis

Online controlled experiments, or A/B tests, are large-scale randomized trials in digital environments. This paper investigates the estimands of the difference-in-means estimator in these experiments, focusing on scenarios with repeated…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-11-12 Sebastian Ankargren , Mattias Frånberg , Mårten Schultzberg

Software measurement programs have emerged as compounds of several measurement activities that are pursued as part of a combined effort of several parties within a software organization, based on interests that the organization has…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2013-07-18 Alejandro Sanchez Guinea

The reproduction and replication of research results has become a major issue for a number of scientific disciplines. In computer science and related computational disciplines such as systems biology, the challenges closely revolve around…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-07-31 Tom Crick , Benjamin A. Hall , Samin Ishtiaq

Enabling observability in software systems brings many benefits. It can, for example, ease the identification of issues or the implementation of improvements. It is especially critical to be able to observe sustainability-related dimensions…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Klervie Toczé , Andrei Dragomir , Vincenzo Stoico , Patricia Lago

Background. Software Engineering (SE) researchers extensively perform experiments with human subjects. Well-defined samples are required to ensure external validity. Samples are selected \textit{purposely} or by \textit{convenience},…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-08-30 Valentina Lenarduzzi , Oscar Dieste , Davide Fucci , Sira Vegas

Event-driven architecture has been widely adopted in the software industry, emerging as an alternative to modular development to support rapid adaptations of constantly evolving systems. However, little is known about the effects of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-11 Luan Lazzari , Kleinner Farias

Self-adaptivity allows software systems to autonomously adjust their behavior during run-time to reduce the cost complexities caused by manual maintenance. In this paper, an approach for building an external adaptation engine for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2014-02-12 Mohammed Abufouda

A/B testing plays a central role in data-driven product development, guiding launch decisions for new features and designs. However, treatment effect estimates are often noisy due to short horizons, early stopping, and slowly accumulating…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-27 Xinran Li