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Recent observations from the James Webb Space Telescope have identified a population of massive galaxy sources ($\mathrm{>10^{10}\ M_\odot}$) at $z>7-10$, formed less than 700 Myr after the Big Bang. Such massive galaxies do not have enough…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-12-25 A. A. Coley

The James Webb Space Telescop (JWST) promises to revolutionise our understanding of the early Universe, and contrasting its upcoming observations with predictions of the $\Lambda$CDM model requires detailed theoretical forecasts. Here, we…

Observations from the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) have unveiled several galaxies with stellar masses $M_*\gtrsim10^{10} M_\odot$ at redshifts $7.4\lesssim z\lesssim 9.1$. These remarkable findings indicate an unexpectedly high stellar…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-04 Pei Wang , Bing-Yu Su , Lei Zu , Yupeng Yang , Lei Feng

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) will enable observations of galaxies at redshifts z > 10 and hence allow to test our current understanding of structure formation at very early times. Previous work has shown that the very first…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-10 Andreas H. Pawlik , Milos Milosavljevic , Volker Bromm

We show that the rest-frame UV statistics and global properties of galaxies at 7 <= z <= 14 are naturally reproduced within the standard {\Lambda}CDM framework when galaxy formation is modeled with UniverseMachine applied to the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-04-22 Francisco Prada , Peter Behroozi , Tomoaki Ishiyama , Enrique Pérez , Anatoly Klypin , Xin Wang , José Ruedas

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has revealed an unexpected excess of UV-bright galaxies at z>10, unaccounted for by extrapolations from pre-JWST observations and theoretical models. Understanding the physical properties and star…

Surveys with James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) have discovered candidate galaxies in the first 400 Myr of cosmic time. Preliminary indications have suggested these candidate galaxies may be more massive and abundant than previously thought.…

Recent observations by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) discovered unexpectedly abundant luminous galaxies at high redshift, posing possibly a severe challenge to popular galaxy formation models. We study early structure formation in a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-01-25 Shingo Hirano , Naoki Yoshida

One of the main goals of the JWST is to study the first galaxies in the Universe. We present a systematic photometric analysis of very distant galaxies in the first JWST deep field towards the massive lensing cluster SMACS0723. As a result,…

We exploit James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) NIRCam observations from the GLASS-JWST-Early Release Science program to investigate galaxy stellar masses at z>7. We first show that JWST observations reduce the uncertainties on the stellar…

JWST has identified some of the Universe's earliest galaxies, repeatedly pushing the frontier to ever higher redshifts and stellar masses. The presence of such extreme galaxies at such early times, with large stellar populations and high…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-11-24 Joe McCaffrey , Samantha Hardin , John H. Wise , John A. Regan

The James Webb Space Telescope continues to push back the redshift frontier to ever earlier cosmic epochs, with recent announcements of galaxy candidates at redshifts of $15 \lesssim z \lesssim 30$. We leverage the recent GUREFT suite of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-10-29 L. Y. Aaron Yung , Rachel S. Somerville , Kartheik G. Iyer

The James Webb Space Telecope (JWST) opened a new window for the study of the highest redshift ($z>7$) Universe. This work presents a theoretical investigation of the very-high redshift Universe using the state-of-the-art GALaxy Evolution…

With JWST, new opportunities to study the evolution of galaxies in the early Universe are emerging. Spitzer constraints on rest-optical properties of $z\gtrsim7$ galaxies demonstrated the power of using galaxy stellar masses and star…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-12-14 Lily Whitler , Ryan Endsley , Daniel P. Stark , Michael Topping , Zuyi Chen , Stéphane Charlot

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) will revolutionise our understanding of early galaxy formation, and could potentially set stringent constraints on the nature of dark matter. We use a semi-empirical model of galaxy formation to…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-08-11 Diana Khimey , Sownak Bose , Sandro Tacchella

A substantial number of ultra-high redshift (8 < z < 17) galaxy candidates have been detected with JWST, posing the question: are these observational results surprising in the context of current galaxy formation models? We address this…

We carry out a comparative analysis of the standard $\Lambda$CDM cosmological model and the alternative $R_h=ct$ framework using recent observational data from cosmic chronometers (CC), Type Ia supernova, and baryon acoustic oscillations.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-26 Amritansh Mehrotra , S. K. J. Pacif , A. F. Santos

We report ultra-deep, medium-resolution spectroscopic observations for 4 quiescent galaxies with log$_{10}(M_*/\mathrm{M_\odot})>11$ at $3 < z < 5$. These data were obtained with JWST NIRSpec as part of the Early eXtragalactic Continuum and…

The recent James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) observations reported the unexpectedly large abundance of massive galaxies with stellar masses of $\sim 10^{10}~M_{\odot}$ at high redshifts $z \simeq 6.5 - 9$ compared with the prediction of the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-22 Mikage U. Kobayashi , Gen Chiaki , Kazutaka Kimura , Kazuyuki Akitsu , Kazunori Kohri , Tomo Takahashi , Kazuyuki Omukai

We exploit the recent {\it James Webb Space Telescope} (JWST) determination of galaxy UV luminosity functions over the redshift range $z=9-14.5$ to derive constraints on warm dark matter (WDM) models. The delayed structure formation in WDM…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-22 Bin Liu , Huanyuan Shan , Jiajun Zhang