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Traditionally, gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are classified as long and short GRBs, with $T_{90} = 2$ s being the threshold duration. Generally, long-duration GRBs (LGRBs, $T_{90}>2$ s) are associated with the collapse of massive stars, and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-10-03 Si-Yuan Zhu , Pak-Hin Thomas Tam

In an effort to understand the puzzle of classifying gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), we perform a systematic study of {\it Swift} GRBs and investigate several short GRB issues. Though short GRBs have a short ($\lesssim2$ s) prompt duration as…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2011-08-24 Lang Shao , Zi-Gao Dai , Yi-Zhong Fan , Fu-Wen Zhang , Zhi-Ping Jin , Da-Ming Wei

The origin of Gamma-Ray Bursts is one of the most interesting puzzles in recent astronomy. During the last decade a consensus formed that long GRBs (LGRBs) arise from the collapse of massive stars and that short GRBs (SGRBs) have a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-05 Tsvi Piran , Omer Bromberg , Ehud Nakar , Re'em Sari

Long and short gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are thought to arise from different and unrelated astrophysical progenitors. The association of long GRBs with supernovae (SNe) and the difference in the distributions of galactocentric offsets of long…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-12-18 J. A. Rueda , L. Becerra , C. L. Bianco , M. Della Valle , C. L. Fryer , C. Guidorzi , R. Ruffini

Gamma ray bursts (GRBs) are classified into long and short categories based on their durations. Broad band studies suggest that these two categories of objects roughly correspond to two different classes of progenitor systems, i.e. compact…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-11-15 Ye Li , Bing Zhang , Hou-Jun Lü

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are traditionally classified into long (lGRBs) and short (sGRBs) durations based on their $T_{90}$, with lGRBs widely used as tracers of the cosmic star formation rate (SFR) due to their observed association with…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-15 Qin-Mei Li , Qi-Bin Sun , Sheng-Bang Qian , Fu-Xing Li

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have been phenomenologically classified into long and short populations based on the observed bimodal distribution of duration. Multi-wavelength and multi-messenger observations in recent years have revealed that in…

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) divide into two classes: "long", which typically have initial durations of T90>2s, and "short", with durations of T90<2s (where T90 is the time to detect 90% of the observed fluence). Long bursts, which on average…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-16 N. R. Tanvir , R. Chapman , A. J. Levan , R. S. Priddey

Bimodal distribution of the observed duration of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) has led to two distinct progenitors; compact star mergers, either two neutron stars (NSs) or a NS and a black hole (BH), for short GRBs (SGRBs), and so-called…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-05-25 Petrosian Vah/'e , Maria Giovanna Dainotti

Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) are bright, brief flashes of high energy photons that have fascinated scientists for 30 years. They come in two classes: long (>2 s), softspectrum bursts and short, hard events. The major progress to date on…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-03-19 N. Gehrels

Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) are classified as long (LGRBs) and short (SGRBs) with collapsars and compact object mergers (neutron star (NS)-NS or NS-Black hole) as progenitors, respectively. The former are expected to follow the cosmic star…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-11 Sujay Champati , Vahé Petrosian , Maria G. Dainotti

The spatial distribution of short Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) in their host galaxies provide us an opportunity to investigate their origins. Based on the currently observed distribution of short GRBs relative to their host galaxies, we obtain…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-18 Xiao-Hong Cui , Junichi Aoi , Shigehiro Nagataki , Ren-Xin Xu

Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) are traditionally divided to long and short according to their durations (>/< 2 sec). It was generally believed that this reflects a different physical origin: Collapsars (long) and non-Collapsars (short). We have…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-11 Omer Bromberg , Ehud Nakar , Tsvi Piran , Re'em Sari

The various possibilities for the progenitors of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) manifest in differing observable properties. Through deep spectroscopic and high-resolution imaging observations of some GRB hosts, I demonstrate that well-localized…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Joshua S. Bloom

The characteristics of the Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) environment may reflect the differences in GRB progenitors: long GRBs are expected to be found in high-density star-forming regions of the GRB host galaxies, while short ones may be…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-07-24 Dounia Saez , Diego Götz

In this paper we give a brief review of our recent studies on the long and short gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) detected Swift, in an effort to understand the puzzle of classifying GRBs. We consider that it is still an appealing conjecture that…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2014-01-29 Lang Shao , Fu-Wen Zhang , Zi-Gao Dai , Zhi-Ping Jin , Jing-Zhi Yan , Da-Ming Wei

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are widely believed to be from massive collapsars and/or compact binary mergers, which accordingly, would generate long and short GRBs, respectively. The details on this classification scheme have been in constant…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-03-02 Shuai Zhang , Lang Shao , Bin-Bin Zhang , Jin-Hang Zou , Hai-Yuan Sun , Yu-Jie Yao , Lin-Lin Li

The present common view about GRB origin is related to cosmology. There are two evidences in favour of this interpretation. The first is connected with statistics, the second is based on measurements of the redshifts in the GRB optical…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 G. S. Bisnovatyi-Kogan

It is shown that short and long gamma ray bursts (GRBs) are of the same origin and, furthermore, correlated with their duration.

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Ernst Karl Kunst

Two types of Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are observed: short duration hard spectrum GRBs and long duration soft spectrum GRBs. For many years long GRBs were the focus of intense research while the lack of observational data limited the study of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-04-06 Ehud Nakar
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