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Quantum error correction and quantum error detection necessitate syndrome measurements to detect errors. Performing syndrome measurements for each stabilizer generator can be a significant overhead, considering the fact that the readout…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-31 Kento Tsubouchi , Yasunari Suzuki , Yuuki Tokunaga , Nobuyuki Yoshioka , Suguru Endo

One of the most significant hurdles to be overcome on the path to practical quantum information processors is dealing with quantum errors. Dynamical decoupling is a particularly promising approach that complements conventional quantum error…

Quantum error correction (QEC) is believed to be essential for the realization of large-scale quantum computers. However, due to the complexity of operating on the encoded `logical' qubits, understanding the physical principles for building…

Error rates in current noisy quantum hardware are not static; they vary over time and across qubits. This temporal and spatial variation challenges the effectiveness of fixed-distance quantum error correction (QEC) codes. In this paper, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-12 Subrata Das , Swaroop Ghosh

We address the task of verifying whether a quantum computer, designed to be protected by a specific stabilizer code, correctly encodes the corresponding logical qubits. To achieve this, we develop a general framework for subspace…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-10 Congcong Zheng , Xutao Yu , Zaichen Zhang , Ping Xu , Kun Wang

While adiabatic quantum computing (AQC) has some robustness to noise and decoherence it is widely believed that encoding, error suppression and error correction will be required to scale AQC to large problem sizes. Previous works have…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-01-06 Mohan Sarovar , Kevin C. Young

Current approaches to fault-tolerant quantum computation will not enable useful quantum computation on near-term devices of 50 to 100 qubits. Leading proposals, such as the color code and surface code schemes, must devote a large fraction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-08 Peter D. Johnson , Jonathan Romero , Jonathan Olson , Yudong Cao , Alán Aspuru-Guzik

Although qubit coherence times and gate fidelities are continuously improving, logical encoding is essential to achieve fault tolerance in quantum computing. In most encoding schemes, correcting or tracking errors throughout the computation…

In this paper we investigate stabilizer quantum error correction codes using controlled phase rotations of strong coherent probe states. We explicitly describe two methods to measure the Pauli operators which generate the stabilizer group…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Casey R. Myers , Marcus Silva , Kae Nemoto , William J. Munro

Quantum Error Mitigation (QEM) enables the extraction of high-quality results from the presently-available noisy quantum computers. In this approach, the effect of the noise on observables of interest can be mitigated using multiple…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-23 Ivan Henao , Jader P. Santos , Raam Uzdin

Current hardware for quantum computing suffers from high levels of noise, and so to achieve practical fault-tolerant quantum computing will require powerful and efficient methods to correct for errors in quantum circuits. Here, we explore…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-16 Aditya Jain , Pavithran Iyer , Stephen D. Bartlett , Joseph Emerson

Characterizing the error sources of quantum devices is essential for building reliable large-scale quantum architectures and tailoring error correction codes to the noise profile of the devices. Tomography techniques can provide detailed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-30 Evangelia Takou , Kenneth R. Brown

Quantum Error Correction (QEC) is an essential field of research towards the realization of large-scale quantum computers. On the theoretical side, a lot of effort is put into designing error-correcting codes that protect quantum data from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-10 Lucas Berent , Lukas Burgholzer , Robert Wille

In the current Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) era of quantum computing, qubit technologies are prone to imperfections, giving rise to various errors such as gate errors, decoherence/dephasing, measurement errors, leakage, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-22 Avimita Chatterjee , Koustubh Phalak , Swaroop Ghosh

Quantum error correction (QEC) is essential for reliable quantum information processing. Targeting a particular error channel, both the encoding and the recovery channel can be optimized through a biconvex optimization to give a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-20 Xuanhui Mao , Qian Xu , Liang Jiang

Quantum repeaters are essential for scalable long-distance quantum networking. As quantum information processing moves toward fault-tolerant and error-corrected operations, it becomes increasingly important to study quantum repeaters that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-11 Sagar Patange , Caitao Zhan , Bikun Li , Joaquin Chung , Allen Zang , Liang Jiang , Rajkumar Kettimuthu

Numerous quantum error-mitigation protocols have been proposed, motivated by the critical need to suppress noise effects on intermediate-scale quantum devices. Yet, their general potential and limitations remain elusive. In particular, to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-27 Ryuji Takagi , Hiroyasu Tajima , Mile Gu

We describe a practical approach for accessing the logical failure rates of quantum error-correcting (QEC) circuits under low physical (component) failure rate regimes. Standard Monte Carlo is often the de facto approach for studying the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-23 Carolyn Mayer , Anand Ganti , Uzoma Onunkwo , Tzvetan Metodi , Benjamin Anker , Jacek Skryzalin

Quantum Error Correction (QEC) codes store information reliably in logical qubits by encoding them in a larger number of less reliable qubits. The surface code, known for its high resilience to physical errors, is a leading candidate for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-13 Satvik Maurya , Swamit Tannu

We investigate a novel class of quantum error correcting codes to correct errors on both qubits and higher-state quantum systems represented as qudits. These codes arise from an original graph-theoretic representation of sets of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-13 Robert Vandermolen , Duncan Wright