Related papers: Stokes parameters alone cannot completely characte…
Polarization observations of radio pulsars show that abrupt transitions in the polarization vector's position angle can be accompanied by large excursions in the vector's ellipticity angle, suggesting the vector passes near the right or…
We extend the theory of astrophysical maser propagation through a medium with a Zeeman-split molecular response to the case of a non-uniform magnetic field, and allow a component of the electric field of the radiation in the direction of…
Periodic travelling waves at the free surface of an incompressible inviscid fluid in two dimensions under gravity are numerically computed for an arbitrary vorticity distribution. The fluid domain over one period is conformally mapped from…
The Stokes wave problem in a constant vorticity flow is formulated, by virtue of conformal mapping techniques, as a nonlinear pseudodifferential equation, involving the periodic Hilbert transform, which becomes the Babenko equation in the…
We consider Stokes' conjecture concerning the shape of the extremal two-dimensional water wave. By new geometric methods including a nonlinear frequency formula, we prove Stokes' conjecture in the original variables. Our results do not rely…
The Stokes wave problem in a constant vorticity flow is formulated via a conformal mapping as a modified Babenko equation. The associated linearized operator is self-adjoint, whereby efficiently solved by the Newton-conjugate gradient…
A theoretical framework is introduced to model the dynamical changes of the state of polarization during transmission in coherent fibre-optic systems. The model generalizes the one-dimensional phase noise random walk to higher dimensions,…
In this paper, we study polarization modes of gravitational waves in generalized Proca theory in the homogeneous and isotropic Minkowski background. The results show that the polarizations of gravitational waves depend on the parameter…
As lensing of coherent astrophysical sources e.g. pulsars, fast radio bursts, and gravitational waves becomes observationally relevant, the mathematical framework of Picard-Lefschetz theory has recently been introduced to fully account for…
Ly-alpha emitting galaxies and giant Ly-alpha blobs (LABs) have been extensively observed to study the formation history of galaxies. However, the origin of their extended Ly-alpha emission, especially of LABs, remains controversial.…
We review the tools and procedures for the analysis of the data collected by X-ray photoelectric gas polarimeters, like the ones on-board the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE). Although many of such tools are in principle common…
Light's polarisation contains information about its source and interactions, from distant stars to biological samples. Polarimeters can recover this information, but reliance on birefringent or rotating optical elements limits their…
It has been accepted that the polarization of the photon in vector beams is entangled with its momentum. Here a quantum description is advanced for the polarization that shows entanglement with the momentum. This is done by showing that the…
We discuss the spatial properties of quantum radiation emitted by a multipole transition in a single atom. The qualitative difference between the representations of plane and spherical waves of photons is examined. In particular, the…
Profile comparison of the Stokes parameters $V$ and $I$ is a powerful tool for maser data analysis, providing the first direct methods for unambiguous determination of (1) the maser saturation stage, (2) the amplification optical depth and…
In polarization optics, various topological constructs, namely Poincar\'e spheres of different orders, are used to represent uniform and structured polarization distributions. Similarly, there are also structured polarization optical…
Complex analytical structure of Stokes wave for two-dimensional potential flow of the ideal incompressible fluid with free surface and infinite depth is analyzed. Stokes wave is the fully nonlinear periodic gravity wave propagating with the…
An optimal estimate for Stokes parameters is derived for the situation in X-ray astronomy where the instrument has a modulation factor that varies significantly with energy but the signals are very weak or mildly polarized. For such…
One of the difficulties with performing polarization analysis is that the mean polarization fraction of sub-divided data sets is larger than the polarization fraction for the integrated measurement. The resulting bias is one of the…
Recently [PRA 108, L051501 (2023)], it was shown that in a centrosymmetric cubic system, two photons from a broadband intense laser field can be converted into a pair of Stokes and anti-Stokes (SaS) entangled photons. While the previous…