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Existing anomaly detection (AD) methods often treat the modality and class as independent factors. Although this paradigm has enriched the development of AD research branches and produced many specialized models, it has also led to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Yuan Zhao , Youwei Pang , Lihe Zhang , Hanqi Liu , Jiaming Zuo , Huchuan Lu , Xiaoqi Zhao

In this paper, we introduce ID-Conditioned Auto-Encoder for unsupervised anomaly detection. Our method is an adaptation of the Class-Conditioned Auto-Encoder (C2AE) designed for the open-set recognition. Assuming that non-anomalous samples…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-10 Sławomir Kapka

In this paper, we propose Normality-Calibrated Autoencoder (NCAE), which can boost anomaly detection performance on the contaminated datasets without any prior information or explicit abnormal samples in the training phase. The NCAE…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Jongmin Yu , Hyeontaek Oh , Minkyung Kim , Junsik Kim

The Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast protocol is one of the latest compulsory advances in air surveillance. While it supports the tracking of the ever-growing number of aircraft in the air, it also introduces cybersecurity issues…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-23 Antoine Chevrot , Alexandre Vernotte , Bruno Legeard

In surface defect detection, due to the extreme imbalance in the number of positive and negative samples, positive-samples-based anomaly detection methods have received more and more attention. Specifically, reconstruction-based methods are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Wei Luo , Tongzhi Niu , Lixin Tang , Wenyong Yu , Bin Li

Existing industrial anomaly detection methods mainly determine whether an anomaly is present. However, real-world applications also require discovering and classifying multiple anomaly types. Since industrial anomalies are semantically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Botong Zhao , Qijun Shi , Shujing Lyu , Yue Lu

As a powerful approach for exploratory data analysis, unsupervised clustering is a fundamental task in computer vision and pattern recognition. Many clustering algorithms have been developed, but most of them perform unsatisfactorily on the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-25 Pengfei Ge , Chuan-Xian Ren , Jiashi Feng , Shuicheng Yan

Anomaly Detection (AD) defines the task of identifying observations or events that deviate from typical - or normal - patterns, a critical capability in IT security for recognizing incidents such as system misconfigurations, malware…

One-class anomaly detection aims to detect objects that do not belong to a predefined normal class. In practice training data lack those anomalous samples; hence state-of-the-art methods are trained to discriminate between normal and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Romain Hermary , Vincent Gaudillière , Abd El Rahman Shabayek , Djamila Aouada

Data encoding is a common and central operation in most data analysis tasks. The performance of other models downstream in the computational process highly depends on the quality of data encoding. One of the most powerful ways to encode…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Teddy Lazebnik , Liron Simon-Keren

Increasingly many real world tasks involve data in multiple modalities or views. This has motivated the development of many effective algorithms for learning a common latent space to relate multiple domains. However, most existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-11-17 Tanmoy Mukherjee , Makoto Yamada , Timothy M. Hospedales

Electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis is a fundamental tool for diagnosing cardiovascular conditions, yet anomaly detection in ECG signals remains challenging due to their inherent complexity and variability. We propose Multi-scale Masked…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Ya Zhou , Yujie Yang , Jianhuang Gan , Xiangjie Li , Jing Yuan , Wei Zhao

In the digitization of energy systems, sensors and smart meters are increasingly being used to monitor production, operation and demand. Detection of anomalies based on smart meter data is crucial to identify potential risks and unusual…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-16 Wenjing Dai , Xiufeng Liu , Alfred Heller , Per Sieverts Nielsen

Tabular data inherently exhibits significant feature heterogeneity, but existing transformer-based methods lack specialized mechanisms to handle this property. To bridge the gap, we propose MAYA, an encoder-decoder transformer-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Xuechen Li , Yupeng Li , Jian Liu , Xiaolin Jin , Xin Hu

As large-scale time-series data can easily be found in real-world applications, multivariate time-series anomaly detection has played an essential role in diverse industries. It enables productivity improvement and maintenance cost…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Heejeong Choi , Subin Kim , Pilsung Kang

We present a variation of the Autoencoder (AE) that explicitly maximizes the mutual information between the input data and the hidden representation. The proposed model, the InfoMax Autoencoder (IMAE), by construction is able to learn a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-24 Vincenzo Crescimanna , Bruce Graham

Inspired by the recent success of deep learning in multiscale information encoding, we introduce a variational autoencoder (VAE) based semi-supervised method for detection of faulty traffic data, which is cast as a classification problem.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-29 Yongcan Huang , Jidong J. Yang

We introduce the concept of a Modular Autoencoder (MAE), capable of learning a set of diverse but complementary representations from unlabelled data, that can later be used for supervised tasks. The learning of the representations is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-11-24 Henry W J Reeve , Gavin Brown

Due to the rare occurrence of anomalous events, a typical approach to anomaly detection is to train an autoencoder (AE) with normal data only so that it learns the patterns or representations of the normal training data. At test time, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Marcella Astrid , Muhammad Zaigham Zaheer , Djamila Aouada , Seung-Ik Lee

In this paper, an unsupervised deep learning framework based on dual-path model-driven variational auto-encoders (VAE) is proposed for angle-of-arrivals (AoAs) and channel estimation in massive MIMO systems. Specifically designed for…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-31 Zhiheng Guo , Yuanzhang Xiao , Xiang Chen