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Algorithmic stability is among the most potent techniques in generalization analysis. However, its derivation usually requires a stepsize $\eta_t = \mathcal{O}(1/t)$ under non-convex training regimes, where $t$ denotes iterations. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Wenquan Ma , Yang Sui , Jiaye Teng , Bohan Wang , Jing Xu , Jingqin Yang

Recent research has observed that in machine learning optimization, gradient descent (GD) often operates at the edge of stability (EoS) [Cohen, et al., 2021], where the stepsizes are set to be large, resulting in non-monotonic losses…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Jingfeng Wu , Vladimir Braverman , Jason D. Lee

Uniform stability is a notion of algorithmic stability that bounds the worst case change in the model output by the algorithm when a single data point in the dataset is replaced. An influential work of Hardt et al. (2016) provides strong…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-15 Raef Bassily , Vitaly Feldman , Cristóbal Guzmán , Kunal Talwar

Decentralized stochastic gradient descent (D-SGD) allows collaborative learning on massive devices simultaneously without the control of a central server. However, existing theories claim that decentralization invariably undermines…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Tongtian Zhu , Fengxiang He , Kaixuan Chen , Mingli Song , Dacheng Tao

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is widely used in machine learning. Although being commonly viewed as a fast but not accurate version of gradient descent (GD), it always finds better solutions than GD for modern neural networks. In order…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-17 Robert Kleinberg , Yuanzhi Li , Yang Yuan

We consider the optimization problem of minimizing the logistic loss with gradient descent to train a linear model for binary classification with separable data. With a budget of $T$ iterations, it was recently shown that an accelerated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Michael Crawshaw , Mingrui Liu

Training modern neural networks often relies on large learning rates, operating at the edge of stability, where the optimization dynamics exhibit oscillatory and chaotic behavior. Empirically, this regime often yields improved…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Mario Tuci , Caner Korkmaz , Umut Şimşekli , Tolga Birdal

Sharpness-aware minimization (SAM) is a recently proposed method that minimizes the sharpness of the training loss of a neural network. While its generalization improvement is well-known and is the primary motivation, we uncover an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Maksym Andriushchenko , Dara Bahri , Hossein Mobahi , Nicolas Flammarion

Domain generalization (DG) aims to enhance the ability of models trained on source domains to generalize effectively to unseen domains. Recently, Sharpness-Aware Minimization (SAM) has shown promise in this area by reducing the sharpness of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Ziyang Chen , Yiwen Ye , Feilong Tang , Yongsheng Pan , Yong Xia

Despite the popularity of the Adam optimizer in practice, most theoretical analyses study Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) as a proxy for Adam, and little is known about how the solutions found by Adam differ. In this paper, we show that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Xinghan Li , Haodong Wen , Kaifeng Lyu

Network quantization is a dominant paradigm of model compression. However, the abrupt changes in quantized weights during training often lead to severe loss fluctuations and result in a sharp loss landscape, making the gradients unstable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Jing Liu , Jianfei Cai , Bohan Zhuang

Sharpness-aware minimization (SAM) was proposed to reduce sharpness of minima and has been shown to enhance generalization performance in various settings. In this work we show that perturbing only the affine normalization parameters…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-20 Maximilian Mueller , Tiffany Vlaar , David Rolnick , Matthias Hein

We study the SAM (Sharpness-Aware Minimization) optimizer which has recently attracted a lot of interest due to its increased performance over more classical variants of stochastic gradient descent. Our main contribution is the derivation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Enea Monzio Compagnoni , Luca Biggio , Antonio Orvieto , Frank Norbert Proske , Hans Kersting , Aurelien Lucchi

Sharpness-aware minimization (SAM) has well-documented merits in enhancing generalization of deep neural network models. Accounting for sharpness in the loss function geometry, where neighborhoods of `flat minima' heighten generalization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Bingcong Li , Yilang Zhang , Georgios B. Giannakis

Generalization error bounds for deep neural networks trained by stochastic gradient descent (SGD) are derived by combining a dynamical control of an appropriate parameter norm and the Rademacher complexity estimate based on parameter norms.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Mingze Wang , Chao Ma

Sharpness-Aware Minimization (SAM) has recently emerged as an effective technique for improving DNN robustness to input variations. However, its interplay with the compactness requirements of on-device DNN deployments remains less explored.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Jialuo He , Huangxun Chen

Sharpness-Aware Minimization (SAM) is most known for achieving state-of the-art performances on natural image and language tasks. However, its most pronounced improvements (of tens of percent) is rather in the presence of label noise.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Christina Baek , Zico Kolter , Aditi Raghunathan

Sharpness-Aware Minimization (SAM) is an optimization method that improves generalization performance of machine learning models. Despite its superior generalization, SAM has not been actively used in real-world applications due to its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Junhyuk Jo , Jihyun Lim , Sunwoo Lee

Sharpness-Aware Minimization (SAM) was introduced to improve generalization by seeking flat minima, yet it also exhibits robustness to label noise, a phenomenon that remains only partially understood. Prior work has mainly attributed this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Hoang-Chau Luong , Quang-Thuc Nguyen , Dat Ba Tran , Minh-Triet Tran

Sharpness-aware minimization (SAM) aims to improve the generalisation of gradient-based learning by seeking out flat minima. In this work, we establish connections between SAM and Mean-Field Variational Inference (MFVI) of neural network…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-20 Szilvia Ujváry , Zsigmond Telek , Anna Kerekes , Anna Mészáros , Ferenc Huszár
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