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Related papers: Cultural Alignment in Large Language Models: An Ex…

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Large Language Models (LLMs) attempt to imitate human behavior by responding to humans in a way that pleases them, including by adhering to their values. However, humans come from diverse cultures with different values. It is critical to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Julia Kharchenko , Tanya Roosta , Aman Chadha , Chirag Shah

In this work we investigate the sociocultural values learned by large language models (LLMs). We introduce a novel open-access dataset, Sociocultural Statements, constructed from natural debate statements using a multi-step methodology. The…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Vlad-Andrei Negru , Camelia Lemnaru , Mihai Surdeanu , Rodica Potolea

Large Language Models (LLMs) are rapidly being adopted by users across the globe, who interact with them in a diverse range of languages. At the same time, there are well-documented imbalances in the training data and optimisation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Bram Bulté , Ayla Rigouts Terryn

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown strong performance across many tasks, but their ability to capture culturally diverse moral values remains unclear. In this paper, we examine whether LLMs mirror variations in moral attitudes reported…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Hadi Mohammadi , Ayoub Bagheri

As the scaling of Large Language Models (LLMs) has dramatically enhanced their capabilities, there has been a growing focus on the alignment problem to ensure their responsible and ethical use. While existing alignment efforts predominantly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Yuhang Wang , Yanxu Zhu , Chao Kong , Shuyu Wei , Xiaoyuan Yi , Xing Xie , Jitao Sang

Large language models (LLMs) face challenges in aligning with diverse cultural values despite their remarkable performance in generation, which stems from inherent monocultural biases and difficulties in capturing nuanced cultural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Jiahao Yuan , Zixiang Di , Shangzixin Zhao , Zhiqing Cui , Hanqing Wang , Guisong Yang , Usman Naseem

A large number of studies rely on closed-style multiple-choice surveys to evaluate cultural alignment in Large Language Models (LLMs). In this work, we challenge this constrained evaluation paradigm and explore more realistic, unconstrained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Mohsinul Kabir , Ajwad Abrar , Sophia Ananiadou

The intricate relationship between language and culture has long been a subject of exploration within the realm of linguistic anthropology. Large Language Models (LLMs), promoted as repositories of collective human knowledge, raise a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Badr AlKhamissi , Muhammad ElNokrashy , Mai AlKhamissi , Mona Diab

Culture is a core component of human-to-human interaction and plays a vital role in how we perceive and interact with others. Advancements in the effectiveness of Large Language Models (LLMs) in generating human-sounding text have greatly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-15 James Luther , Donald Brown

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have established them as powerful tools across numerous domains. However, persistent concerns about embedded biases, such as gender, racial, and cultural biases arising from their training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Hadi Mohammadi , Yasmeen F. S. S. Meijer , Efthymia Papadopoulou , Ayoub Bagheri

Cultural alignment in Large Language Models (LLMs) is essential for producing contextually aware, respectful, and trustworthy outputs. Without it, models risk generating stereotyped, insensitive, or misleading responses that fail to reflect…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Gautam Siddharth Kashyap , Mark Dras , Usman Naseem

Cultural representation in Large Language Model (LLM) outputs has primarily been evaluated through the proxies of cultural diversity and factual accuracy. However, a crucial gap remains in assessing cultural alignment: the degree to which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Erin MacMurray van Liemt , Aida Davani , Sinchana Kumbale , Neha Dixit , Sunipa Dev

To be effectively and safely deployed to global user populations, large language models (LLMs) may need to adapt outputs to user values and cultures, not just know about them. We introduce NormAd, an evaluation framework to assess LLMs'…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Abhinav Rao , Akhila Yerukola , Vishwa Shah , Katharina Reinecke , Maarten Sap

As Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly influence high-stakes decision-making across global contexts, ensuring their alignment with diverse cultural values has become a critical governance challenge. This study presents a Multi-Layered…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Haijiang Liu , Jinguang Gu , Xun Wu , Daniel Hershcovich , Qiaoling Xiao

Large language models (LLMs) are deployed globally, yet their underlying cultural and ethical assumptions remain underexplored. We propose the notion of a "cultural gene" -- a systematic value orientation that LLMs inherit from their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Emanuel Z. Fenech-Borg , Tilen P. Meznaric-Kos , Milica D. Lekovic-Bojovic , Arni J. Hentze-Djurhuus

Large language models (LLMs) closely interact with humans, and thus need an intimate understanding of the cultural values of human society. In this paper, we explore how open-source LLMs make judgments on diverse categories of cultural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Minsang Kim , Seungjun Baek

LLMs as intelligent agents are being increasingly applied in scenarios where human interactions are involved, leading to a critical concern about whether LLMs are faithful to the variations in culture across regions. Several works have…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Nicholas Sukiennik , Chen Gao , Fengli Xu , Yong Li

As large language models (LLMs) become increasingly accessible in many countries, it is essential to align them to serve pluralistic human values across cultures. However, pluralistic culture alignment in LLMs remain an open problem. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Shaoyang Xu , Yongqi Leng , Linhao Yu , Deyi Xiong

As the application of Large Language Models (LLMs) spreads across various industries, there are increasing concerns about the potential for their misuse, especially in sensitive areas such as political discourse. Deliberately aligning LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Lisa Korver , Mohamed Mostagir , Sherief Reda

Despite their global prevalence, many Large Language Models (LLMs) are aligned to a monolithic, often Western-centric set of values. This paper investigates the more challenging task of fine-grained value alignment: examining whether LLMs…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Bryan Chen Zhengyu Tan , Zhengyuan Liu , Xiaoyuan Yi , Jing Yao , Xing Xie , Nancy F. Chen , Roy Ka-Wei Lee
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