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The paper addresses the problem of providing suitable reference trajectories in motion planning problems for autonomous vehicles. Among the various approaches to compute a reference trajectory, our aim is to find those trajectories which…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-01-24 Matthias Gerdts , Björn Martens

This paper proposes a discretionary lane selection algorithm. In particular, highway driving is considered as a targeted scenario, where each lane has a different level of traffic flow. When lane-changing is discretionary, it is advised not…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-04-12 Sangjae Bae , David Isele , Kikuo Fujimura , Scott J. Moura

Human-level autonomous driving is an ever-elusive goal, with planning and decision making -- the cognitive functions that determine driving behavior -- posing the greatest challenge. Despite a proliferation of promising approaches, progress…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Marc Heim , Francisco Suarez-Ruiz , Ishraq Bhuiyan , Bruno Brito , Momchil S. Tomov

Real-time safety systems are crucial components of intelligent vehicles. This paper introduces a prediction-based collision risk assessment approach on highways. Given a point mass vehicle dynamics system, a stochastic forward reachable set…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-04 Xinwei Wang , Zirui Li , Javier Alonso-Mora , Meng Wang

As a core part of autonomous driving systems, motion planning has received extensive attention from academia and industry. However, real-time trajectory planning capable of spatial-temporal joint optimization is challenged by nonholonomic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Zhichao Han , Yuwei Wu , Tong Li , Lu Zhang , Liuao Pei , Long Xu , Chengyang Li , Changjia Ma , Chao Xu , Shaojie Shen , Fei Gao

Safety is an important topic in autonomous driving since any collision may cause serious injury to people and damage to property. Hamilton-Jacobi (HJ) Reachability is a formal method that verifies safety in multi-agent interaction and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-05-24 Anjian Li , Liting Sun , Wei Zhan , Masayoshi Tomizuka , Mo Chen

When autonomous vehicles encounter untrained scenarios, ensuring safety hinges on effective safety verification to prevent accidents stemming from unexpected model decisions. Reachability analysis, a method of safety verification, offers…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-05 Lingxiang Fan , Linxuan He , Haoyuan Ji , Shuo Feng

Predicting the motion of other road agents enables autonomous vehicles to perform safe and efficient path planning. This task is very complex, as the behaviour of road agents depends on many factors and the number of possible future…

Large language models have been widely applied to knowledge-driven decision-making for automated vehicles due to their strong generalization and reasoning capabilities. However, the safety of the resulting decisions cannot be ensured due to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Yuanfei Lin , Sebastian Illing , Matthias Althoff

Autonomous driving technology can improve traffic safety and reduce traffic accidents. In addition, it improves traffic flow, reduces congestion, saves energy and increases travel efficiency. In the relatively mature automatic driving…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Wenjian Sun , Linying Pan , Jingyu Xu , Weixiang Wan , Yong Wang

In the typical autonomous driving stack, planning and control systems represent two of the most crucial components in which data retrieved by sensors and processed by perception algorithms are used to implement a safe and comfortable…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-07-06 Paolo Maramotti , Alessandro Paolo Capasso , Giulio Bacchiani , Alberto Broggi

Modern autonomous driving algorithms often rely on learning the mapping from visual inputs to steering actions from human driving data in a variety of scenarios and visual scenes. The required data collection is not only labor intensive,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-03-20 Sascha Hornauer , Karl Zipser , Stella X. Yu

In the rapidly evolving field of autonomous driving, reliable prediction is pivotal for vehicular safety. However, trajectory predictions often deviate from actual paths, particularly in complex and challenging environments, leading to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Wenbo Shao , Jiahui Xu , Wenhao Yu , Jun Li , Hong Wang

Model predictive control allows solving complex control tasks with control and state constraints. However, an optimal control problem must be solved in real-time to predict the future system behavior, which is hardly possible on embedded…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-13 Jan Olucak , Walter Fichter , Torbjørn Cunis

Our research introduces a modular motion planning framework for autonomous vehicles using a sampling-based trajectory planning algorithm. This approach effectively tackles the challenges of solution space construction and optimization in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Rainer Trauth , Korbinian Moller , Gerald Wuersching , Johannes Betz

Widespread development of driverless vehicles has led to the formation of autonomous racing, where technological development is accelerated by the high speeds and competitive environment of motorsport. A particular challenge for an…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-09-16 Sam Garlick , Andrew Bradley

Recent advancements in self-driving car technologies have enabled them to navigate autonomously through various environments. However, one of the critical challenges in autonomous vehicle operation is trajectory planning, especially in…

Both humans and the sensors on an autonomous vehicle have limited sensing capabilities. When these limitations coincide with scenarios involving vulnerable road users, it becomes important to account for these limitations in the motion…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-02-20 Sarah Thornton

Decision-making and motion planning constitute critical components for ensuring the safety and efficiency of autonomous vehicles (AVs). Existing methodologies typically adopt two paradigms: decision then planning or generation then scoring.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Ruoyu Yao , Yubin Wang , Haichao Liu , Rui Yang , Zengqi Peng , Lei Zhu , Jun Ma

In this paper, we present a hierarchical framework for decision-making and planning on highway driving tasks. We utilized intelligent driving models (IDM and MOBIL) to generate long-term decisions based on the traffic situation flowing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-30 Majid Moghadam , Gabriel Hugh Elkaim