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The usage and amount of information available on the internet increase over the past decade. This digitization leads to the need for automated answering system to extract fruitful information from redundant and transitional knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-03 Hariom A. Pandya , Brijesh S. Bhatt

Document-based question answering (QA) increasingly includes abstract questions that require synthesizing scattered information from long documents or across multiple documents into coherent answers. However, this setting is still poorly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Shu Wang , Shansong Zhou , Xinyang Wang , Shiwei Wang , Hulong Wu , Yixiang Fang

Modern Large Language Models (LLMs) have showcased remarkable prowess in various tasks necessitating sophisticated cognitive behaviors. Nevertheless, a paradoxical performance discrepancy is observed, where these models underperform in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Yuchen Fan , Yantao Liu , Zijun Yao , Jifan Yu , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li

Transfer learning is an important step to extract meaningful features and overcome the data limitation in the medical Visual Question Answering (VQA) task. However, most of the existing medical VQA methods rely on external data for transfer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Tuong Do , Binh X. Nguyen , Erman Tjiputra , Minh Tran , Quang D. Tran , Anh Nguyen

In a spoken multiple-choice question answering (SMCQA) task, given a passage, a question, and multiple choices all in the form of speech, the machine needs to pick the correct choice to answer the question. While the audio could contain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-26 Chia-Chih Kuo , Shang-Bao Luo , Kuan-Yu Chen

Evaluating long-form responses to research queries heavily relies on expert annotators, restricting attention to areas like AI where researchers can conveniently enlist colleagues. Yet, research expertise is abundant: survey articles…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Li S. Yifei , Allen Chang , Chaitanya Malaviya , Mark Yatskar

As scientific knowledge grows at an unprecedented pace, evaluation benchmarks must evolve to reflect new discoveries and ensure language models are tested on current, diverse literature. We propose a scalable, modular framework for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Ozan Gokdemir , Neil Getty , Robert Underwood , Sandeep Madireddy , Franck Cappello , Arvind Ramanathan , Ian T. Foster , Rick L. Stevens

Manual evaluation is essential to judge progress on automatic text summarization. However, we conduct a survey on recent summarization system papers that reveals little agreement on how to perform such evaluation studies. We conduct two…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-28 Julius Steen , Katja Markert

Safety and reliability are critical for deploying visual question answering (VQA) systems in surgery, where incorrect or ambiguous responses can cause patient harm. A key limitation of existing uncertainty estimation methods, such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Luca Carlini , Dennis Pierantozzi , Mauro Orazio Drago , Chiara Lena , Cesare Hassan , Elena De Momi , Danail Stoyanov , Sophia Bano , Mobarak I. Hoque

Product review websites provide an incredible lens into the wide variety of opinions and experiences of different people, and play a critical role in helping users discover products that match their personal needs and preferences. To help…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2016-10-27 Mengting Wan , Julian McAuley

In the rapidly evolving landscape of spoken question-answering (SQA), the integration of large language models (LLMs) has emerged as a transformative development. Conventional approaches often entail the use of separate models for question…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Yanis Labrak , Adel Moumen , Richard Dufour , Mickael Rouvier

Extractive question answering (QA) systems can enable physicians and researchers to query medical records, a foundational capability for designing clinical studies and understanding patient medical history. However, building these systems…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Joel Stremmel , Ardavan Saeedi , Hamid Hassanzadeh , Sanjit Batra , Jeffrey Hertzberg , Jaime Murillo , Eran Halperin

Speech quality assessment (SQA) aims to evaluate the quality of speech samples without relying on time-consuming listener questionnaires. Recent efforts have focused on training neural-based SQA models to predict the mean opinion score…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Yuto Kondo , Hirokazu Kameoka , Kou Tanaka , Takuhiro Kaneko

The growing number of parameters and computational demands of large language models (LLMs) present significant challenges for their efficient deployment. Recently, there is an increasing interest in quantizing weights to extremely low…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Cheng Zhang , Jeffrey T. H. Wong , Can Xiao , George A. Constantinides , Yiren Zhao

Conversational question answering (CQA) facilitates an incremental and interactive understanding of a given context, but building a CQA system is difficult for many domains due to the problem of data scarcity. In this paper, we introduce a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Seonjeong Hwang , Yunsu Kim , Gary Geunbae Lee

While various end-to-end models for spoken language understanding tasks have been explored recently, this paper is probably the first known attempt to challenge the very difficult task of end-to-end spoken question answering (SQA). Learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-12 Yung-Sung Chuang , Chi-Liang Liu , Hung-Yi Lee , Lin-shan Lee

This study focuses on the evaluation of the Open Question Answering (Open-QA) task, which can directly estimate the factuality of large language models (LLMs). Current automatic evaluation methods have shown limitations, indicating that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Cunxiang Wang , Sirui Cheng , Qipeng Guo , Yuanhao Yue , Bowen Ding , Zhikun Xu , Yidong Wang , Xiangkun Hu , Zheng Zhang , Yue Zhang

In the realm of automatic speech recognition (ASR), the quest for models that not only perform with high accuracy but also offer transparency in their decision-making processes is crucial. The potential of quality estimation (QE) metrics is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Golara Javadi , Kamer Ali Yuksel , Yunsu Kim , Thiago Castro Ferreira , Mohamed Al-Badrashiny

Reference-based metrics such as BLEU and BERTScore are widely used to evaluate question generation (QG). In this study, on QG benchmarks such as SQuAD and HotpotQA, we find that using human-written references cannot guarantee the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Bang Nguyen , Mengxia Yu , Yun Huang , Meng Jiang

Machine Translation (MT) Quality Estimation (QE) assesses translation reliability without reference texts. This study introduces "textual similarity" as a new metric for QE, using sentence transformers and cosine similarity to measure…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Kun Sun , Rong Wang
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