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The efficient generation of high-fidelity entangled states is the key element for long-distance quantum communication, quantum computation and other quantum technologies, and at the same time the most resource-consuming part in many…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-28 Ferran Riera Sàbat , Pavel Sekatski , Alexander Pirker , Wolfgang Dür

Distributed quantum computing (DQC) offers a pathway for scaling up quantum computing architectures beyond the confines of a single chip. Entanglement is a crucial resource for implementing non-local operations in DQC, and it is required to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-25 Ji Liu , Allen Zang , Martin Suchara , Tian Zhong , Paul D Hovland

A key technical requirement of any future quantum network is the ability to distribute quantum-entangled resources between two spatially separated points at a high rate and high fidelity. Entanglement distribution protocols based on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-03 Nicholas Zaunders , Timothy C. Ralph

Quantum entanglement distribution between remote nodes is key to many promising quantum applications. Existing mechanisms have mainly focused on improving throughput and fidelity via entanglement routing or single-node scheduling. This…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Huayue Gu , Ruozhou Yu , Zhouyu Li , Xiaojian Wang , Fangtong Zhou

Classical computation relies heavily on information manipulation. Each component of a hardware needs to communicate with others, and this is done by encoding information into strings of bits and application of logical operations. When…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-12 Eduardo K. Soares

Quantum repeater networks that allow long-distance entanglement distribution will be the backbone of distributed quantum information processing. In this paper we explore entanglement distribution using quantum repeaters with optimized…

We consider the problem of optimising the achievable EPR-pair distribution rate between multiple source-destination pairs in a quantum internet, where the repeaters may perform a probabilistic bell-state measurement and we may impose a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-02 Kaushik Chakraborty , David Elkouss , Bruno Rijsman , Stephanie Wehner

Granting information privacy is of crucial importance in our society, notably in fiber communication networks. Quantum cryptography provides a unique means to establish, at remote locations, identical strings of genuine random bits, with a…

Generating entanglement between distributed network nodes is a prerequisite for the quantum internet. Entanglement distribution protocols based on high-dimensional photonic qudits enable the simultaneous generation of multiple entangled…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-15 Xiaoyu Liu , Niv Bharos , Liubov Markovich , Johannes Borregaard

Entanglement purification protocols, designed to improve the fidelity of Bell states over quantum networks for inter-node communications, have attracted significant attention over the last few decades. These protocols have great potential…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-07 Yue Shi , Chenxu Liu , Samuel Stein , Meng Wang , Muqing Zheng , Ang Li

Distributing entanglement over long distances remains a challenge due to its fragility when exposed to environmental effects. In this work, we compare various entanglement distribution protocols in a realistic noisy fiber network. We focus…

Entanglement distribution is a critical technique that enables numerous quantum applications. Most fiber-based long-distance experiments reported to date have utilized photon pair sources generated in bulk optical crystals, with the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-01 Yuan-yuan Zhao , Fuyong Yue , Feng Gao , Qibing Wang , Chao Li , Zichen Liu , Lei Wang , Zhixue He

Establishing quantum entanglement between two distant parties is an essential step of many protocols in quantum information processing. One possibility for providing long-distance entanglement is to create an entangled composite state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-06-19 Alexander Streltsov , Hermann Kampermann , Dagmar Bruß

We consider problems of distributing high-fidelity entangled states across nodes of a quantum network. We consider a repeater-based network architecture with entanglement swapping (fusion) operations for generating long-distance…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-25 Xiaojie Fan , Yukun Yang , Himanshu Gupta , C. R. Ramakrishnan

We analyze how the performance of a quantum-repeater network depends on the protocol employed to distribute entanglement, and we find that the choice of repeater-to-repeater link protocol has a profound impact on communication rate as a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-24 Cody Jones , Danny Kim , Matthew T. Rakher , Paul G. Kwiat , Thaddeus D. Ladd

The rate at which quantum communication tasks can be performed using direct transmission is fundamentally hindered by the channel loss. Quantum repeaters allow, in principle, to overcome these limitations, but their introduction necessarily…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-24 Kenneth Goodenough , David Elkouss , Stephanie Wehner

Quantum Entanglement is a fundamentally important resource in Quantum Information Science; however, generating it in practice is plagued by noise and decoherence, limiting its utility. Entanglement distillation and forward error correction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-14 Vaishnavi L. Addala , Shu Ge , Stefan Krastanov

We study the limits of bipartite entanglement distribution using a chain of quantum repeaters that have quantum memories. To generate end-to-end entanglement, each node can attempt the generation of an entangled link with a neighbor, or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-11 Álvaro G. Iñesta , Gayane Vardoyan , Lara Scavuzzo , Stephanie Wehner

We consider entanglement purification protocols for multiple copies of qubit states. We use high-dimensional auxiliary entangled systems to learn about number and positions of errors in the noisy ensemble in an explicit and controlled way,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-28 Ferran Riera Sàbat , Pavel Sekatski , Alexander Pirker , Wolfgang Dür

Sharing logical entangled pairs between distant quantum nodes is a key process to achieve fault tolerant quantum computation and communication. However, there is a gap between current experimental specifications and theoretical requirements…