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Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) is rapidly emerging as a promising foundation for privacy-preserving cloud services, enabling computation directly on encrypted data. As FHE implementations mature and begin moving toward practical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Jianan Mu , Ge Yu , Zhaoxuan Kan , Song Bian , Liang Kong , Zizhen Liu , Cheng Liu , Jing Ye , Huawei Li

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) promises the ability to compute over encrypted data without revealing sensitive contents. However, enabling high-frequency updates and statistical analysis in outsourced databases remains elusive due to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Dongfang Zhao

Fully Homomorphic Encryption~(FHE) is a key technology enabling privacy-preserving computing. However, the fundamental challenge of FHE is its inefficiency, due primarily to the underlying polynomial computations with high computation…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Junxue Zhang , Xiaodian Cheng , Liu Yang , Jinbin Hu , Ximeng Liu , Kai Chen

Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) enables secure computation on encrypted data, mitigating privacy concerns in cloud and edge environments. However, due to its high compute and memory demands, extensive acceleration research has been…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Wonseok Choi , Hyunah Yu , Jongmin Kim , Hyesung Ji , Jaiyoung Park , Jung Ho Ahn

In the era of cloud computing, privacy-preserving computation offloading is crucial for safeguarding sensitive data. Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) enables secure processing of encrypted data, but the inherent computational complexity…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Jiaao Ma , Ceyu Xu , Lisa Wu Wills

Homomorphic Encryption (HE) is an emerging encryption scheme that allows computations to be performed directly on encrypted messages. This property provides promising applications such as privacy-preserving deep learning and cloud…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-01 Yujia Zhai , Mohannad Ibrahim , Yiqin Qiu , Fabian Boemer , Zizhong Chen , Alexey Titov , Alexander Lyashevsky

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) allows for computation directly on encrypted data and enables privacy-preserving neural inference in the cloud. Prior work has focused on models with dense inputs (e.g., CNNs), with less attention given to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Karthik Garimella , Austin Ebel , Gabrielle De Micheli , Brandon Reagen

FHE offers protection to private data on third-party cloud servers by allowing computations on the data in encrypted form. However, to support general-purpose encrypted computations, all existing FHE schemes require an expensive operation…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Rashmi Agrawal , Leo de Castro , Guowei Yang , Chiraag Juvekar , Rabia Yazicigil , Anantha Chandrakasan , Vinod Vaikuntanathan , Ajay Joshi

Machine learning (ML) systems that guarantee security and privacy often rely on Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) as a cornerstone technique, enabling computations on encrypted data without exposing sensitive information. However, a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Dongfang Zhao

Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) is an encryption scheme which enables computation on encrypted data without revealing the underlying data. While there have been many advances in the field of FHE, developing programs using FHE still…

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) enables computations on encrypted data, preserving confidentiality without the need for decryption. However, FHE is often hindered by significant performance overhead, particularly for high-precision and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Chao Wang , Shubing Yang , Xiaoyan Sun , Jun Dai , Dongfang Zhao

In this paper, we propose TensorFHE, an FHE acceleration solution based on GPGPU for real applications on encrypted data. TensorFHE utilizes Tensor Core Units (TCUs) to boost the computation of Number Theoretic Transform (NTT), which is the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-01-02 Shengyu Fan , Zhiwei Wang , Weizhi Xu , Rui Hou , Dan Meng , Mingzhe Zhang

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) allows computations to be performed on encrypted data, significantly enhancing user privacy. However, the I/O challenges associated with deploying FHE applications remains understudied. We analyze the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Lei Chen , Erci Xu , Yiming Sun , Shengyu Fan , Xianglong Deng , Guiming Shi , Guang Fan , Liang Kong , Yilan Zhu , Shoumeng Yan , Mingzhe Zhang

Homomorphic Encryption (HE) draws a significant attention as a privacy-preserving way for cloud computing because it allows computation on encrypted messages called ciphertexts. Among numerous HE schemes proposed, HE for Arithmetic of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-07-15 Wonkyung Jung , Eojin Lee , Sangpyo Kim , Keewoo Lee , Namhoon Kim , Chohong Min , Jung Hee Cheon , Jung Ho Ahn

The deployment of Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) at scale is hindered due to its heavy computational overhead. While specialized hardware accelerators like Google Tensor Processing Units (TPUs) can help, mapping complex cryptographic…

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) emerges one of the most promising solutions to privacy-preserving computing in an untrusted cloud. FHE can be implemented by various schemes, each of which has distinctive advantages, i.e., some are good…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-03 Lei Jiang , Lei Ju

Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) allows anyone to perform computations on encrypted data, despite not having the secret decryption key. Since the Gentry's work in 2009, the primitive has interested many researchers. In this paper, we…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-11-18 Zhengjun Cao , Lihua Liu

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) allows a third party to perform arbitrary computations on encrypted data, learning neither the inputs nor the computation results. Hence, it provides resilience in situations where computations are carried…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-04 Alexander Viand , Patrick Jattke , Anwar Hithnawi

Fully-Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) offers powerful capabilities by enabling secure offloading of both storage and computation, and recent innovations in schemes and implementations have made it all the more attractive. At the same time, FHE…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-06-29 Roshan Dathathri , Blagovesta Kostova , Olli Saarikivi , Wei Dai , Kim Laine , Madanlal Musuvathi

Recently cloud-based graph convolutional network (GCN) has demonstrated great success and potential in many privacy-sensitive applications such as personal healthcare and financial systems. Despite its high inference accuracy and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-27 Ran Ran , Nuo Xu , Wei Wang , Gang Quan , Jieming Yin , Wujie Wen