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Decoder-only language models (LMs) have been successfully adopted for speech-processing tasks including automatic speech recognition (ASR). The LMs have ample expressiveness and perform efficiently. This efficiency is a suitable…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-02 Emiru Tsunoo , Hayato Futami , Yosuke Kashiwagi , Siddhant Arora , Shinji Watanabe

Contextual biasing enables speech recognizers to transcribe important phrases in the speaker's context, such as contact names, even if they are rare in, or absent from, the training data. Attention-based biasing is a leading approach which…

Semantic parsing using sequence-to-sequence models allows parsing of deeper representations compared to traditional word tagging based models. In spite of these advantages, widespread adoption of these models for real-time conversational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Arun Babu , Akshat Shrivastava , Armen Aghajanyan , Ahmed Aly , Angela Fan , Marjan Ghazvininejad

Diffusion Language Models (DLMs) are often advertised as enabling parallel token generation, yet practical fast DLMs frequently converge to left-to-right, autoregressive (AR)-like decoding dynamics. In contrast, genuinely non-AR generation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Pengxiang Li , Dilxat Muhtar , Tianlong Chen , Lu Yin , Shiwei Liu

Recent zero-shot text-to-speech (TTS) systems face a common dilemma: autoregressive (AR) models suffer from slow generation and lack duration controllability, while non-autoregressive (NAR) models lack temporal modeling and typically…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-06 Yifan Yang , Shujie Liu , Jinyu Li , Yuxuan Hu , Haibin Wu , Hui Wang , Jianwei Yu , Lingwei Meng , Haiyang Sun , Yanqing Liu , Yan Lu , Kai Yu , Xie Chen

Visual autoregressive models typically adhere to a raster-order ``next-token prediction" paradigm, which overlooks the spatial and temporal locality inherent in visual content. Specifically, visual tokens exhibit significantly stronger…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Yefei He , Yuanyu He , Shaoxuan He , Feng Chen , Hong Zhou , Kaipeng Zhang , Bohan Zhuang

Multivariate network time series are ubiquitous in modern systems, yet existing network autoregressive models typically treat nodes as scalar processes, ignoring cross-variable spillovers. To capture these complex interactions without the…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-06 Qi Lyu , Xiaoyu Zhang , Guodong Li , Di Wang

Non-autoregressive models greatly improve decoding speed over typical sequence-to-sequence models, but suffer from degraded performance. Infilling and iterative refinement models make up some of this gap by editing the outputs of a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-28 Ethan A. Chi , Julian Salazar , Katrin Kirchhoff

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) plays a crucial role in voice-based applications. For applications requiring real-time feedback like Voice Search, streaming capability becomes vital. While LSTM/RNN and CTC based ASR systems are commonly…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Abhinav Goyal , Nikesh Garera

User studies have shown that reducing the latency of our simultaneous lecture translation system should be the most important goal. We therefore have worked on several techniques for reducing the latency for both components, the automatic…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-24 Thai Son Nguyen , Jan Niehues , Eunah Cho , Thanh-Le Ha , Kevin Kilgour , Markus Muller , Matthias Sperber , Sebastian Stueker , Alex Waibel

End-to-end (E2E) models have shown to outperform state-of-the-art conventional models for streaming speech recognition [1] across many dimensions, including quality (as measured by word error rate (WER)) and endpointer latency [2]. However,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-12 Bo Li , Anmol Gulati , Jiahui Yu , Tara N. Sainath , Chung-Cheng Chiu , Arun Narayanan , Shuo-Yiin Chang , Ruoming Pang , Yanzhang He , James Qin , Wei Han , Qiao Liang , Yu Zhang , Trevor Strohman , Yonghui Wu

There is often a trade-off between performance and latency in streaming automatic speech recognition (ASR). Traditional methods such as look-ahead and chunk-based methods, usually require information from future frames to advance…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-07 Zehan Li , Haoran Miao , Keqi Deng , Gaofeng Cheng , Sanli Tian , Ta Li , Yonghong Yan

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has allowed substantial progress in Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) performance in low-resource settings. In this context, it has been demonstrated that larger self-supervised feature extractors are crucial…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-14 Salah Zaiem , Robin Algayres , Titouan Parcollet , Slim Essid , Mirco Ravanelli

Recent advancements in Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) have shown promising results in Speaker Verification (SV). However, narrowing the performance gap with supervised systems remains an ongoing challenge. Several studies have observed that…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-25 Victor Miara , Theo Lepage , Reda Dehak

We study pseudo-labeling for the semi-supervised training of ResNet, Time-Depth Separable ConvNets, and Transformers for speech recognition, with either CTC or Seq2Seq loss functions. We perform experiments on the standard LibriSpeech…

Transfer learning from high-resource languages is known to be an efficient way to improve end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) for low-resource languages. Pre-trained or jointly trained encoder-decoder models, however, do not share…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-12 Changhan Wang , Juan Pino , Jiatao Gu

Overlapping speech remains a major challenge for automatic speech recognition (ASR) in real-world applications, particularly in broadcast media with dynamic, multi-speaker interactions. We propose a light-weight, target-speaker-based…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-26 Aleš Pražák , Marie Kunešová , Josef Psutka

Non-autoregressive translation (NAT) models, which remove the dependence on previous target tokens from the inputs of the decoder, achieve significantly inference speedup but at the cost of inferior accuracy compared to autoregressive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-12-27 Junliang Guo , Xu Tan , Di He , Tao Qin , Linli Xu , Tie-Yan Liu

In streaming automatic speech recognition (ASR), it is desirable to reduce latency as much as possible while having minimum impact on recognition accuracy. Although a few existing methods are able to achieve this goal, they are difficult to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-02 Wei Kang , Zengwei Yao , Fangjun Kuang , Liyong Guo , Xiaoyu Yang , Long lin , Piotr Żelasko , Daniel Povey

Non-autoregressive (NAR) models can generate sentences with less computation than autoregressive models but sacrifice generation quality. Previous studies addressed this issue through iterative decoding. This study proposes using nearest…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-29 Ayana Niwa , Sho Takase , Naoaki Okazaki