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In computational pathology, deep learning (DL) models for tasks such as segmentation or tissue classification are known to suffer from domain shifts due to different staining techniques. Stain adaptation aims to reduce the generalization…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-04 Daniel Reisenbüchler , Lucas Luttner , Nadine S. Schaadt , Friedrich Feuerhake , Dorit Merhof

Various multi-instance learning (MIL) based approaches have been developed and successfully applied to whole-slide pathological images (WSI). Existing MIL methods emphasize the importance of feature aggregators, but largely neglect the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Yicheng Song , Tiancheng Lin , Die Peng , Su Yang , Yi Xu

Weakly supervised video anomaly detection (WS-VAD) is to distinguish anomalies from normal events based on discriminative representations. Most existing works are limited in insufficient video representations. In this work, we develop a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-06 Jia-Chang Feng , Fa-Ting Hong , Wei-Shi Zheng

Being able to learn on weakly labeled data, and provide interpretability, are two of the main reasons why attention-based deep multiple instance learning (ABMIL) methods have become particularly popular for classification of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-09 Axel Andersson , Nadezhda Koriakina , Nataša Sladoje , Joakim Lindblad

Advances in optical microscopy scanning have significantly contributed to computational pathology (CPath) by converting traditional histopathological slides into whole slide images (WSIs). This development enables comprehensive digital…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-19 Xitong Ling , Yuanyuan Lei , Jiawen Li , Junru Cheng , Wenting Huang , Tian Guan , Jian Guan , Yonghong He

Histomorphology is crucial in cancer diagnosis. However, existing whole slide image (WSI) classification methods struggle to effectively incorporate histomorphology information, limiting their ability to capture key pathological features.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Baizhi Wang , Rui Yan , Wenxin Ma , Xu Zhang , Yuhao Wang , Xiaolong Li , Yunjie Gu , Zihang Jiang , S. Kevin Zhou

Current cervical cytopathology whole slide image (WSI) screening primarily relies on detection-based approaches, which are limited in performance due to the expense and time-consuming annotation process. Multiple Instance Learning (MIL), a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Jialong Huang , Gaojie Li , Shichao Kan , Jianfeng Liu , Yixiong Liang

Whole Slide Images (WSIs) are giga-pixel in scale and are typically partitioned into small instances in WSI classification pipelines for computational feasibility. However, obtaining extensive instance level annotations is costly, making…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Jayanie Bogahawatte , Sachith Seneviratne , Saman Halgamuge

The classification of gigapixel histopathology images with deep multiple instance learning models has become a critical task in digital pathology and precision medicine. In this work, we propose a Transformer-based multiple instance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Josef Cersovsky , Sadegh Mohammadi , Dagmar Kainmueller , Johannes Hoehne

Multiple instance learning exhibits a powerful approach for whole slide image-based diagnosis in the absence of pixel- or patch-level annotations. In spite of the huge size of hole slide images, the number of individual slides is often…

While high-resolution pathology images lend themselves well to `data hungry' deep learning algorithms, obtaining exhaustive annotations on these images is a major challenge. In this paper, we propose a self-supervised CNN approach to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-14 Navid Alemi Koohbanani , Balagopal Unnikrishnan , Syed Ali Khurram , Pavitra Krishnaswamy , Nasir Rajpoot

Multiple Instance learning (MIL) models have been extensively used in pathology to predict biomarkers and risk-stratify patients from gigapixel-sized images. Machine learning problems in medical imaging often deal with rare diseases, making…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Dinkar Juyal , Siddhant Shingi , Syed Ashar Javed , Harshith Padigela , Chintan Shah , Anand Sampat , Archit Khosla , John Abel , Amaro Taylor-Weiner

Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) has been widely applied to medical imaging diagnosis, where bag labels are known and instance labels inside bags are unknown. Traditional MIL assumes that instances in each bag are independent samples from a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-19 Yunan Wu , Francisco M. Castro-Macías , Pablo Morales-Álvarez , Rafael Molina , Aggelos K. Katsaggelos

Digital pathology involves converting physical tissue slides into high-resolution Whole Slide Images (WSIs), which pathologists analyze for disease-affected tissues. However, large histology slides with numerous microscopic fields pose…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-19 Mobina Mansoori , Sajjad Shahabodini , Jamshid Abouei , Arash Mohammadi , Konstantinos N. Plataniotis

Digital pathology archives increasingly contain multiple whole-slide images (WSIs) per case, capturing spatially distinct tumour regions and reflecting intrinsic morphological heterogeneity. However, most existing approaches rely on a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Zahra Rahimi Afzal , Wataru Uegami , Saghir Alfasly , Saba Yasir , Judy C. Boughey , Matthew P. Goetz , Krishna R. Kalari , H. R. Tizhoosh

We present a novel weakly-supervised framework for classifying whole slide images (WSIs). WSIs, due to their gigapixel resolution, are commonly processed by patch-wise classification with patch-level labels. However, patch-level labels…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-10 Tiange Xiang , Yang Song , Chaoyi Zhang , Dongnan Liu , Mei Chen , Fan Zhang , Heng Huang , Lauren O'Donnell , Weidong Cai

Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) represents the predominant framework in Whole Slide Image (WSI) classification, covering aspects such as sub-typing, diagnosis, and beyond. Current MIL models predominantly rely on instance-level features…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Heng Fang , Sheng Huang , Wenhao Tang , Luwen Huangfu , Bo Liu

Weakly supervised instance segmentation (WSIS) using only image-level labels is a challenging task due to the difficulty of aligning coarse annotations with the finer task. However, with the advancement of deep neural networks (DNNs), WSIS…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Zecheng Li , Zening Zeng , Yuqi Liang , Jin-Gang Yu

Whole slide images (WSIs) classification represents a fundamental challenge in computational pathology, where multiple instance learning (MIL) has emerged as the dominant paradigm. Current state-of-the-art (SOTA) MIL methods rely on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Chengying She , Chengwei Chen , Dongjie Fan , Lizhuang Liu , Chengwei Shao , Yun Bian , Ben Wang , Xinran Zhang

In histopathology, intelligent diagnosis of Whole Slide Images (WSIs) is essential for automating and objectifying diagnoses, reducing the workload of pathologists. However, diagnostic models often face the challenge of forgetting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Weixi Zheng , Aoling Huang , Jingping Yuan , Haoyu Zhao , Zhou Zhao , Yongchao Xu , Thierry Géraud