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Far-field slit-diffraction of circular optical-vortex (OV) beams is efficient for measurement of the topological charge (TC) magnitude but does not reveal its sign. We show that this is because in the common diffraction schemes the…
Ultrathin meta-optics offer unmatched, multifunctional control of light. Next-generation optical technologies, however, demand unprecedented performance. This will likely require design algorithms surpassing the capability of human…
The challenge of imaging low-density objects in an electron microscope without causing beam damage is significant in modern TEM. This is especially true for life science imaging, where the sample, rather than the instrument, still…
We develop a weak measurement scheme for measuring orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light based on the global topology in wave function. We introduce the spin-orbit coupling to transform the measurement of OAM to the pre- and postselected…
The axis tilt of light beam in optical system would introduce the dispersion of orbital angular momentum (OAM) spectrum. To deal with it, a two-step method is proposed and demonstrated. First, the tilt angle of optical axis is identified…
Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy is a powerful technique for extracting the low-frequency optical properties of materials. However, the optical constants are difficult to determine directly from the experimental transfer function, such…
Limited-diffraction beams are a class of waves that may be localized in space and time. Theoretically, these beams are propagation invariant and can propagate to an infinite distance without spreading. In practice, when these beams are…
We demonstrate the application of Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) based optical force microscopy to map the optical near-fields with nanometer resolution, limited only by the AFM probe geometry. We map the electric field distributions of…
The resolution of far-field optical microscopes, which rely on propagating optical modes, is widely believed to be limited because of diffraction to a value on the order of a half-wavelength $\lambda /2$ of the light used. Although…
Adaptive optics (AO) is a powerful image correction technique with proven benefits for many life-science microscopy methods. However, the complexity of adding a reflective wavefront modulator and a wavefront sensor into already complicated…
Light diffraction through a subwavelength aperture located at the apex of a metallic screen with conical geometry is investigated theoretically. A method based on a multipole field expansion is developed to solve Maxwell's equations…
Recent years have seen an explosive research and development of nanoplasmonics in the visible and near-infrared (near-ir) frequency regions. One of the most fundamental effects in nanoplasmonics is nano-concentration of optical energy.…
Optical transition radiation interferometry (OTRI) has been shown to be a very useful technique to measure the divergence of electron beams with energies in the range of 15-100 MeV. However, application of this method to low energy or very…
In this paper, a systematic approach is employed to design a photonic crystal with a boundary between positive and negative refraction to boost the refractive properties of the crystal. Mathematical techniques are employed to turn the…
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems have been widely used as a communication system. In OFDM systems, there are two main problems. One of them is that OFDM signals have high Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR). The…
The utilization of a 6.5m monolithic primary mirror in a compact three-mirror anastigmat (TMA) telescope design offers unprecedented capabilities to accommodate various next generation science instruments. This design enables the rapid and…
An approximation is elaborated for the paraxial propagation of diffracted beams, with both one- and two-dimensional cross sections, which are released from apertures with sharp boundaries. The approximation applies to any beam under the…
We demonstrate imaging over the visible band using a single planar diffractive lens. This is enabled via multi-level diffractive optics that is designed to focus over a broad wavelength range, which we refer to as an achromatic diffractive…
Imaging systems are inherently prone to aberrations. We present an optimization method to design two-dimensional freeform reflectors that minimize aberrations for various parallel ray beams incident on the optical system. We iteratively…
The codebook-based analog beamforming is appealing for future terahertz (THz) communications since it can generate high-gain directional beams with low-cost phase shifters via low-complexity beam training. However, conventional beamforming…