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Related papers: PoSE: Efficient Context Window Extension of LLMs v…

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Large Language Models (LLMs) often struggle to process and generate coherent context when the number of input tokens exceeds the pre-trained length. Recent advancements in long-context extension have significantly expanded the context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Yi Lu , Wanxu Zhao , Xin Zhou , Chenxin An , Chenglong Wang , Shuo Li , Yuming Yang , Jun Zhao , Tao Ji , Tao Gui , Qi Zhang , Xuanjing Huang

We present Position Interpolation (PI) that extends the context window sizes of RoPE-based pretrained LLMs such as LLaMA models to up to 32768 with minimal fine-tuning (within 1000 steps), while demonstrating strong empirical results on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-29 Shouyuan Chen , Sherman Wong , Liangjian Chen , Yuandong Tian

Large Language Models (LLMs) are known to have limited extrapolation ability beyond their pre-trained context window, constraining their application in downstream tasks with lengthy inputs. Recent studies have sought to extend LLMs' context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Yikai Zhang , Junlong Li , Pengfei Liu

Large context window is a desirable feature in large language models (LLMs). However, due to high fine-tuning costs, scarcity of long texts, and catastrophic values introduced by new token positions, current extended context windows are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Yiran Ding , Li Lyna Zhang , Chengruidong Zhang , Yuanyuan Xu , Ning Shang , Jiahang Xu , Fan Yang , Mao Yang

LongRoPE2 is a novel approach that extends the effective context window of pre-trained large language models (LLMs) to the target length, while preserving the performance on the original shorter context window. This is achieved by three…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Ning Shang , Li Lyna Zhang , Siyuan Wang , Gaokai Zhang , Gilsinia Lopez , Fan Yang , Weizhu Chen , Mao Yang

Large language models (LLMs) experience significant performance degradation when the input exceeds the pretraining context window, primarily due to the out-of-distribution (OOD) behavior of Rotary Position Embedding (RoPE). Recent studies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Sikui Zhang , Guangze Gao , Ziyun Gan , Chunfeng Yuan , Zefeng Lin , Houwen Peng , Bing Li , Weiming Hu

Typically, training LLMs with long context sizes is computationally expensive, requiring extensive training hours and GPU resources. Existing long-context extension methods usually need additional training procedures to support…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Jiaheng Liu , Zhiqi Bai , Yuanxing Zhang , Chenchen Zhang , Yu Zhang , Ge Zhang , Jiakai Wang , Haoran Que , Yukang Chen , Wenbo Su , Tiezheng Ge , Jie Fu , Wenhu Chen , Bo Zheng

Scaling the rotary position embedding (RoPE) has become a common method for extending the context window of RoPE-based large language models (LLMs). However, existing scaling methods often rely on empirical approaches and lack a profound…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Yingsheng Wu , Yuxuan Gu , Xiaocheng Feng , Weihong Zhong , Dongliang Xu , Qing Yang , Hongtao Liu , Bing Qin

Extending large language models (LLMs) to process longer inputs is crucial for a wide range of applications. However, the substantial computational cost of transformers and limited generalization of positional encoding restrict the size of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Howard Yen , Tianyu Gao , Danqi Chen

Enabling LLMs to handle lengthy context is currently a research hotspot. Most LLMs are built upon rotary position embedding (RoPE), a popular position encoding method. Therefore, a prominent path is to extrapolate the RoPE trained on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Meizhi Zhong , Chen Zhang , Yikun Lei , Xikai Liu , Yan Gao , Yao Hu , Kehai Chen , Min Zhang

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in short video understanding tasks but face great challenges when applied to long video understanding. In contrast, Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit outstanding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Hongchen Wei , Zhenzhong Chen

Embedding models play a pivot role in modern NLP applications such as IR and RAG. While the context limit of LLMs has been pushed beyond 1 million tokens, embedding models are still confined to a narrow context window not exceeding 8k…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Dawei Zhu , Liang Wang , Nan Yang , Yifan Song , Wenhao Wu , Furu Wei , Sujian Li

Extending context window sizes allows large language models (LLMs) to process longer sequences and handle more complex tasks. Rotary Positional Embedding (RoPE) has become the de facto standard due to its relative positional encoding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Haonan Wang , Qian Liu , Chao Du , Tongyao Zhu , Cunxiao Du , Kenji Kawaguchi , Tianyu Pang

The ability to process ultra-long contexts is crucial for large language models (LLMs) to perform long-horizon tasks. While recent efforts have extended context windows to 1M and beyond, model performance degrades when sequence length…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Simin Huo

Transformer-based Large Language Models (LLMs) are pioneering advances in many natural language processing tasks, however, their exceptional capabilities are restricted within the preset context window of Transformer. Position Embedding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Guanzheng Chen , Xin Li , Zaiqiao Meng , Shangsong Liang , Lidong Bing

Diffusion LLMs have attracted growing interest, with plenty of recent work emphasizing their great potential in various downstream tasks; yet the long-context behavior of diffusion LLMs remains largely uncharted. We present a case study of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Guangxin He , Shen Nie , Fengqi Zhu , Yuankang Zhao , Tianyi Bai , Ran Yan , Jie Fu , Chongxuan Li , Binhang Yuan

Self-attention and position embedding are two key modules in transformer-based Large Language Models (LLMs). However, the potential relationship between them is far from well studied, especially for long context window extending. In fact,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Shiyi Zhu , Jing Ye , Wei Jiang , Siqiao Xue , Qi Zhang , Yifan Wu , Jianguo Li

So far, expensive finetuning beyond the pretraining sequence length has been a requirement for effectively extending the context of language models (LM). In this work, we break this key bottleneck by Dropping the Positional Embeddings of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Yoav Gelberg , Koshi Eguchi , Takuya Akiba , Edoardo Cetin

Large Language Models (LLMs) struggle with long-context reasoning, not only due to the quadratic scaling of computational complexity with sequence length but also because of the scarcity and expense of annotating long-context data. There…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Linda He , Jue Wang , Maurice Weber , Shang Zhu , Ben Athiwaratkun , Ce Zhang

Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) typically have a limited context window, resulting in significant performance degradation when processing text beyond the length of the context window. Extensive studies have been proposed to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Zican Dong , Junyi Li , Xin Men , Wayne Xin Zhao , Bingbing Wang , Zhen Tian , Weipeng Chen , Ji-Rong Wen
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