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In this paper, we study the benefits and challenges of monitoring Continuous Integration (CI) practices in software development. Our aim is to evaluate the impact of monitoring seven CI practices in industry using three organizations in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Jadson Santos , Daniel Alencar da Costa , Uirá Kulesza

Continuous Integration (CI) is a well-established practice in traditional software development, but its nuances in the domain of Machine Learning (ML) projects remain relatively unexplored. Given the distinctive nature of ML development,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-15 João Helis Bernardo , Daniel Alencar da Costa , Sérgio Queiroz de Medeiros , Uirá Kulesza

Agile practices are receiving considerable attention from industry as an alternative to traditional software development approaches. However, there are a number of challenges in combining Agile [2] with Test-driven development (TDD) [10]…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2015-06-30 Sandeep Sivanandan

Causal discovery from observational data is pivotal for deciphering complex relationships. Causal Structure Learning (CSL), which focuses on deriving causal Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) from data, faces challenges due to vast DAG spaces…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Taiyu Ban , Lyuzhou Chen , Derui Lyu , Xiangyu Wang , Huanhuan Chen

Causal inference is fundamental to empirical scientific discoveries in natural and social sciences; however, in the process of conducting causal inference, data management problems can lead to false discoveries. Two such problems are (i)…

Databases · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Brit Youngmann , Michael Cafarella , Babak Salimi , Anna Zeng

The popularity of continuous integration (CI) is increasing as a result of market pressure to release product features or updates frequently. The ability of CI to deliver quality at speed depends on reliable test automation. In this paper,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-02-10 Yuqing Wang , Mika Mäntylä , Zihao Liu , Jouni Markkula

Continuous Integration (CI) testing is a popular software development technique that allows developers to easily check that their code can build successfully and pass tests across various system environments. In order to use a CI platform,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-05-14 Mark Santolucito , Jialu Zhang , Ennan Zhai , Ruzica Piskac

Causal interactions among a group of variables are often modeled by a single causal graph. In some domains, however, these interactions are best described by multiple co-existing causal graphs, e.g., in dynamical systems or genomics. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Burak Varıcı , Dmitriy Katz-Rogozhnikov , Dennis Wei , Prasanna Sattigeri , Ali Tajer

We introduce cyclinbayes, an open-source R package for discovering linear causal relationships with both acyclic and cyclic structures. The package employs scalable Bayesian approaches with spike-and-slab priors to learn directed acyclic…

Computation · Statistics 2026-02-25 Robert Lee , Raymond K. W. Wong , Yang Ni

Real causal processes may contain feedback loops and change over time. In this paper, we model cycles and non-stationary distributions using a mixture of directed acyclic graphs (DAGs). We then study the conditional independence (CI)…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-09-16 Eric V. Strobl

In many application areas---lending, education, and online recommenders, for example---fairness and equity concerns emerge when a machine learning system interacts with a dynamically changing environment to produce both immediate and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Elliot Creager , David Madras , Toniann Pitassi , Richard Zemel

Directed acyclic graphical (DAG) models are a powerful tool for representing causal relationships among jointly distributed random variables, especially concerning data from across different experimental settings. However, it is not always…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-03 Francisco Madaleno , Pratik Misra , Alex Markham

Continuous Integration (CI) implies that a whole developer team works together on the mainline of a software project. CI systems automate the builds of a software. Sometimes a developer checks in code, which breaks the build. A broken build…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-03-30 Klérisson V. R. Paixão , Crícia Z. Felício , Fernanda M. Delfim , Marcelo de A. Maia

To represent the causal relationships between variables, a directed acyclic graph (DAG) is widely utilized in many areas, such as social sciences, epidemics, and genetics. Many causal structure learning approaches are developed to learn the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-01-14 Jianian Wang , Rui Song

Causal inference relies on the structure of a graph, often a directed acyclic graph (DAG). Different graphs may result in different causal inference statements and different intervention distributions. To quantify such differences, we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-08-18 Jonas Peters , Peter Bühlmann

Background: There is increasing interest in approaches for analyzing the effect of exposure mixtures on health. A key issue is how to simultaneously analyze often highly collinear components of the mixture, which can create problems such as…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-07-06 Thomas F. Webster , Marc G. Weisskopf

Current Continuous Integration processes face significant intrinsic cybersecurity challenges. The idea is not only to solve and test formal or regulatory security requirements of source code but also to adhere to the same principles to the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-14 David Fernández González , Francisco Javier Rodríguez Lera , Gonzalo Esteban , Camino Fernández Llamas

Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) are central to uncovering causal structure in complex systems, yet learning a single DAG from data is often challenging: model uncertainty, finite samples, and a combinatorially large search space frequently…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-19 Yunan Wu , Yue Wang , Chunlin Li , Chenglong Ye

Context: Machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) analyze raw data to extract valuable insights in specific phases. The rise of continuous practices in software projects emphasizes automating Continuous Integration (CI) with these…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Ali Kazemi Arani , Triet Huynh Minh Le , Mansooreh Zahedi , M. Ali Babar

Continuous Integration (CI) is a widely adopted practice for faster code change integration and testing. Developers often migrate between CI systems in pursuit of features like matrix building or better logging. However, this migration is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Dhia Elhaq Rzig , Alaa Houerbi , Chungha Sung , Foyzul Hassan