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Programming robot behavior in a complex world faces challenges on multiple levels, from dextrous low-level skills to high-level planning and reasoning. Recent pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable reasoning ability…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Xufeng Zhao , Mengdi Li , Cornelius Weber , Muhammad Burhan Hafez , Stefan Wermter

The recent success of Large Language Models (LLMs) signifies an impressive stride towards artificial general intelligence. They have shown a promising prospect in automatically completing tasks upon user instructions, functioning as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Zhizheng Zhang , Xiaoyi Zhang , Wenxuan Xie , Yan Lu

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive results in developing generalist planning agents for diverse tasks. However, grounding these plans in expansive, multi-floor, and multi-room environments presents a significant…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Krishan Rana , Jesse Haviland , Sourav Garg , Jad Abou-Chakra , Ian Reid , Niko Suenderhauf

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit advanced reasoning skills, enabling robots to comprehend natural language instructions and strategically plan high-level actions through proper grounding. However, LLM hallucination may result in robots…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Kaiqu Liang , Zixu Zhang , Jaime Fernández Fisac

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in cross-modal understanding and reasoning, offering new opportunities for intelligent assistive systems, yet existing systems still struggle with risk-aware…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Renjun Gao

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a promising approach for robotic manipulation, but it can suffer from low sample efficiency and requires extensive exploration of large state-action spaces. Recent methods leverage the commonsense knowledge…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Jelle Luijkx , Runyu Ma , Zlatan Ajanović , Jens Kober

Large Language Models (LLMs) trained using massive text datasets have recently shown promise in generating action plans for robotic agents from high level text queries. However, these models typically do not consider the robot's…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Maitrey Gramopadhye , Daniel Szafir

Symbolic task planning is a widely used approach to enforce robot autonomy due to its ease of understanding and deployment in robot architectures. However, techniques for symbolic task planning are difficult to scale in real-world,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Alessio Capitanelli , Fulvio Mastrogiovanni

Compared with the widely investigated homogeneous multi-robot collaboration, heterogeneous robots with different capabilities can provide a more efficient and flexible collaboration for more complex tasks. In this paper, we consider a more…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Xinzhu Liu , Peiyan Li , Wenju Yang , Di Guo , Huaping Liu

Large language models (LLMs) and large multimodal models (LMMs) have achieved unprecedented breakthrough, showcasing remarkable capabilities in natural language understanding, generation, and complex reasoning. This transformative potential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Hyun Jong Yang , Hyunsoo Kim , Hyeonho Noh , Seungnyun Kim , Byonghyo Shim

We explore the use of GPT-4 on a humanoid robot in simulation and the real world as proof of concept of a novel large language model (LLM) driven behaviour method. LLMs have shown the ability to perform various tasks, including robotic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Thomas O'Brien , Ysobel Sims

Multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) have rapidly advanced in visual tasks, yet their spatial understanding remains limited to single images, leaving them ill-suited for physical-world applications that require multi-frame reasoning.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Runsen Xu , Weiyao Wang , Hao Tang , Xingyu Chen , Xiaodong Wang , Fu-Jen Chu , Matt Feiszli , Kevin J. Liang

The deployment of robots into human scenarios necessitates advanced planning strategies, particularly when we ask robots to operate in dynamic, unstructured environments. RoboCup offers the chance to deploy robots in one of those scenarios,…

Humanoid robots with behavioral autonomy have consistently been regarded as ideal collaborators in our daily lives and promising representations of embodied intelligence. Compared to fixed-based robotic arms, humanoid robots offer a larger…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Jin Wang , Nikos Tsagarakis

Tool use is a hallmark of advanced intelligence, exemplified in both animal behavior and robotic capabilities. This paper investigates the feasibility of imbuing robots with the ability to creatively use tools in tasks that involve implicit…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Mengdi Xu , Peide Huang , Wenhao Yu , Shiqi Liu , Xilun Zhang , Yaru Niu , Tingnan Zhang , Fei Xia , Jie Tan , Ding Zhao

Performing complex manipulation tasks in dynamic environments requires efficient Task and Motion Planning (TAMP) approaches that combine high-level symbolic plans with low-level motion control. Advances in Large Language Models (LLMs), such…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Muhayy Ud Din , Jan Rosell , Waseem Akram , Isiah Zaplana , Maximo A Roa , Irfan Hussain

Large Language Models (LLMs) and strong vision models have enabled rapid research and development in the field of Vision-Language-Action models that enable robotic control. The main objective of these methods is to develop a generalist…

With the increasing prevalence and diversity of robots interacting in the real world, there is need for flexible, on-the-fly planning and cooperation. Large Language Models are starting to be explored in a multimodal setup for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-01 William Hunt , Toby Godfrey , Mohammad D. Soorati

Classical AI Planning techniques generate sequences of actions for complex tasks. However, they lack the ability to understand planning tasks when provided using natural language. The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has introduced…

We introduce a novel framework for automatic behavior tree (BT) construction in heterogeneous multi-robot systems, designed to address the challenges of adaptability and robustness in dynamic environments. Traditional robots are limited by…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Chaoran Wang , Jingyuan Sun , Yanhui Zhang , Mingyu Zhang , Changju Wu