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Multimodal representation learning, exemplified by multimodal contrastive learning (MMCL) using image-text pairs, aims to learn powerful representations by aligning cues across modalities. This approach relies on the core assumption that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Yichao Cai , Yuhang Liu , Erdun Gao , Tianjiao Jiang , Zhen Zhang , Anton van den Hengel , Javen Qinfeng Shi

Missing value imputation is a fundamental challenge in machine intelligence, heavily dependent on data completeness. Current imputation methods often handle numerical and categorical attributes independently, overlooking critical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Xiaopeng Luo , Zexi Tan , Zhuowei Wang

Multi-view learning is widely applied to real-life datasets, such as multiple omics biological data, but it often suffers from both missing views and missing labels. Prior probabilistic approaches addressed the missing view problem by using…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Yiyang Shen , Weiran Wang

Recently, self-supervised representation learning gives further development in multimedia technology. Most existing self-supervised learning methods are applicable to packaged data. However, when it comes to streamed data, they are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-03 Zhiwei Lin , Yongtao Wang , Hongxiang Lin

For many machine learning tasks, the input data lie on a low-dimensional manifold embedded in a high dimensional space and, because of this high-dimensional structure, most algorithms are inefficient. The typical solution is to reduce the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-05 Anna C. Gilbert , Rishi Sonthalia

Data imputation, the process of filling in missing feature elements for incomplete data sets, plays a crucial role in data-driven learning. A fundamental belief is that data imputation is helpful for learning performance, and it follows…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Ruikai Yang , Fan He , Mingzhen He , Kaijie Wang , Xiaolin Huang

In some scenarios, a single input image may not be enough to allow the object classification. In those cases, it is crucial to explore the complementary information extracted from images presenting the same object from multiple perspectives…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Gabriel Machado , Keiller Nogueira , Matheus Barros Pereira , Jefersson Alex dos Santos

Missing values, widely called as \textit{sparsity} in literature, is a common characteristic of many real-world datasets. Many imputation methods have been proposed to address this problem of data incompleteness or sparsity. However, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-28 Vishwas Choudhary , Binay Gupta , Anirban Chatterjee , Subhadip Paul , Kunal Banerjee , Vijay Agneeswaran

Data augmentation is a crucial component in unsupervised contrastive learning (CL). It determines how positive samples are defined and, ultimately, the quality of the learned representation. In this work, we open the door to new…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Benoit Dufumier , Carlo Alberto Barbano , Robin Louiset , Edouard Duchesnay , Pietro Gori

Contrastive learning has gained popularity and pushes state-of-the-art performance across numerous large-scale benchmarks. In contrastive learning, the contrastive loss function plays a pivotal role in discerning similarities between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Haojin Deng , Yimin Yang

Detecting lane markings in road scenes poses a challenge due to their intricate nature, which is susceptible to unfavorable conditions. While lane markings have strong shape priors, their visibility is easily compromised by lighting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Ali Zoljodi , Sadegh Abadijou , Mina Alibeigi , Masoud Daneshtalab

The top-k recommendation is a fundamental task in recommendation systems which is generally learned by comparing positive and negative pairs. The Contrastive Loss (CL) is the key in contrastive learning that has received more attention…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-09-02 Hao Tang , Guoshuai Zhao , Yuxia Wu , Xueming Qian

Missing data in supervised learning is well-studied, but the specific issue of missing labels during model evaluation has been overlooked. Ignoring samples with missing values, a common solution, can introduce bias, especially when data is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Danial Dervovic , Michael Cashmore

Contrastive learning between different views of the data achieves outstanding success in the field of self-supervised representation learning and the learned representations are useful in broad downstream tasks. Since all supervision…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-05 Haoqing Wang , Xun Guo , Zhi-Hong Deng , Yan Lu

Background: Existing guidelines for handling missing data are generally not consistent with the goals of prediction modelling, where missing data can occur at any stage of the model pipeline. Multiple imputation (MI), often heralded as the…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-06-27 Rose Sisk , Matthew Sperrin , Niels Peek , Maarten van Smeden , Glen P. Martin

Complementary-label learning (CLL) is widely used in weakly supervised classification, but it faces a significant challenge in real-world datasets when confronted with class-imbalanced training samples. In such scenarios, the number of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Meng Wei , Yong Zhou , Zhongnian Li , Xinzheng Xu

Incomplete Multi-View Clustering aims to enhance clustering performance by using data from multiple modalities. Despite the fact that several approaches for studying this issue have been proposed, the following drawbacks still persist: 1)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Jiatai Wang , Zhiwei Xu , Xuewen Yang , Dongjin Guo , Limin Liu

Subspace clustering aims to group data points that lie in a union of low-dimensional subspaces and finds wide application in computer vision, hyperspectral imaging, and recommendation systems. However, most existing methods assume fully…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Huanran Li , Daniel Pimentel-Alarcón

Processing of missing data by modern neural networks, such as CNNs, remains a fundamental, yet unsolved challenge, which naturally arises in many practical applications, like image inpainting or autonomous vehicles and robots. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-01 Marcin Przewięźlikowski , Marek Śmieja , Łukasz Struski , Jacek Tabor

Multi-label image classification presents a challenging task in many domains, including computer vision and medical imaging. Recent advancements have introduced graph-based and transformer-based methods to improve performance and capture…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Ahmad Sajedi , Samir Khaki , Yuri A. Lawryshyn , Konstantinos N. Plataniotis