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Generative models are capable of producing human-expert level content across a variety of topics and domains. As the impact of generative models grows, it is necessary to develop statistical methods to understand collections of available…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Hayden Helm , Aranyak Acharyya , Brandon Duderstadt , Youngser Park , Carey E. Priebe

Generative artificial intelligence models learn probability distributions from data and produce novel samples that capture the salient properties of their training sets. Proteins are particularly attractive for such approaches given their…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2026-02-27 Filippo Stocco , Michele Garibbo , Noelia Ferruz

The recent wave of generative AI has sparked unprecedented global attention, with both excitement and concern over potentially superhuman levels of artificial intelligence: models now take only seconds to produce outputs that would…

Generative artificial intelligence (AI) systems are trained on large data corpora to generate new pieces of text, images, videos, and other media. There is growing concern that such systems may infringe on the copyright interests of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Jiachen T. Wang , Zhun Deng , Hiroaki Chiba-Okabe , Boaz Barak , Weijie J. Su

Recent advancements in neural language modelling make it possible to rapidly generate vast amounts of human-sounding text. The capabilities of humans and automatic discriminators to detect machine-generated text have been a large source of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-11 Daphne Ippolito , Daniel Duckworth , Chris Callison-Burch , Douglas Eck

While recent advancements in the capabilities and widespread accessibility of generative language models, such as ChatGPT (OpenAI, 2022), have brought about various benefits by generating fluent human-like text, the task of distinguishing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Mahdi Dhaini , Wessel Poelman , Ege Erdogan

How can we measure whether a natural language generation system produces both high quality and diverse outputs? Human evaluation captures quality but not diversity, as it does not catch models that simply plagiarize from the training set.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-08 Tatsunori B. Hashimoto , Hugh Zhang , Percy Liang

Recently, there has been a surge in the use of generated data to enhance the performance of downstream models, largely due to the advancements in pre-trained language models. However, most prevailing methods trained generative and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Tong Wu , Hao Wang , Zhongshen Zeng , Wei Wang , Hai-Tao Zheng , Jiaxing Zhang

Recent studies comparing AI-generated and human-authored literary texts have produced conflicting results: some suggest AI already surpasses human quality, while others argue it still falls short. We start from the hypothesis that such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Guillermo Marco , Julio Gonzalo , Víctor Fresno

The rapid development of the Internet has profoundly changed human life. Humans are increasingly expressing themselves and interacting with others on social media platforms. However, although artificial intelligence technology has been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Haochen Xue , Chong Zhang , Chengzhi Liu , Fangyu Wu , Xiaobo Jin

The widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) has made the detection of AI-Generated text a pressing and complex challenge. Although many detection systems report high benchmark accuracy, their reliability in real-world settings…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Shushanta Pudasaini , Luis Miralles-Pechuán , David Lillis , Marisa Llorens Salvador

Recent advances in neural network-based generative modeling have reignited the hopes in having computer systems capable of seamlessly conversing with humans and able to understand natural language. Neural architectures have been employed to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-03 Cristina Garbacea , Qiaozhu Mei

Generative AI models have recently achieved astonishing results in quality and are consequently employed in a fast-growing number of applications. However, since they are highly data-driven, relying on billion-sized datasets randomly…

We introduce the Generalized Turing Test (GTT), a formal framework for comparing the capabilities of arbitrary agents via indistinguishability. For agents A and B, we define the Turing comparator A $\geq$ B to hold if B, acting as a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Daniel Mitropolsky , Susan S. Hong , Riccardo Neumarker , Emanuele Rimoldi , Tomaso Poggio

Automatic evaluation of various text quality criteria produced by data-driven intelligent methods is very common and useful because it is cheap, fast, and usually yields repeatable results. In this paper, we present an attempt to automate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-08 Erion Çano , Ondřej Bojar

The emergence of large language models (LLMs) capable of generating realistic texts and images has sparked ethical concerns across various sectors. In response, researchers in academia and industry are actively exploring methods to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Chidimma Opara

Learning to generate fluent natural language from structured data with neural networks has become an common approach for NLG. This problem can be challenging when the form of the structured data varies between examples. This paper presents…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-12 Sebastian Gehrmann , Falcon Z. Dai , Henry Elder , Alexander M. Rush

Evaluation of generative models is mostly based on the comparison between the estimated distribution and the ground truth distribution in a certain feature space. To embed samples into informative features, previous works often use…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-15 Junghyuk Lee , Jun-Hyuk Kim , Jong-Seok Lee

Text-to-image diffusion models have achieved widespread popularity due to their unprecedented image generation capability. In particular, their ability to synthesize and modify human faces has spurred research into using generated face…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-22 Harrison Rosenberg , Shimaa Ahmed , Guruprasad V Ramesh , Ramya Korlakai Vinayak , Kassem Fawaz

Generative AI systems are increasingly recognized as cultural technologies, yet current evaluation frameworks often treat culture as a variable to be measured rather than fundamental to the system's operation. Drawing on hermeneutic theory…