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A key parameter in the two-scale momentum theory of wind farm flows is the momentum availability, which quantifies the supply of momentum to a wind farm from various different momentum transport mechanisms (advection, pressure gradient,…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-02-12 Mads Baungaard , Takafumi Nishino , Andrew Kirby

Many traditional methods for wind turbine design and analysis assume quasi-steady aerodynamics, but atmospheric flows are inherently unsteady and modern turbine blades are susceptible to aeroelastic deformations. This study therefore…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-06-18 Nathaniel J. Wei , Omkar B. Shende

A thorough understanding of the energetic flow structures that form in the far wake of a wind turbine is essential for accurate turbine wake modeling and wind farm performance estimation. We use resolvent analysis to explore such flow…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-01-30 Dachuan Feng , Vikrant Gupta , Larry K. B. Li , Minping Wan

Wind power forecasting (WPF), as a significant research topic within renewable energy, plays a crucial role in enhancing the security, stability, and economic operation of power grids. However, due to the high stochasticity of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Mingyi Zhu , Zhaoxin Li , Qiao Lin , Li Ding

We present a new stochastic approach to describe and remodel the conversion process of a wind farm at a sampling frequency of 1Hz. When conditioning on various wind direction sectors, the dynamics of the conversion process appear as a…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2015-09-11 Patrick Milan , Matthias Wächter , Joachim Peinke

Some data of the drift current, Ud, measured on a wavy surface of water in a laboratory and the field, are briefly described. Empirical formulas for Ud are given, and their incompleteness is noted, regarding to absence of the drift current…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2019-06-26 Vladislav G. Polnikov

Accurate prediction of wind speed and power is vital for enhancing the efficiency of wind energy systems. Numerous solutions have been implemented to date, demonstrating their potential to improve forecasting. Among these, deep learning is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Mulomba Mukendi Christian , Yun Seon Kim , Hyebong Choi , Jaeyoung Lee , SongHee You

A study on filtering aspects of airborne wind energy generators is presented. This class of renewable energy systems aims to convert the aerodynamic forces generated by tethered wings, flying in closed paths transverse to the wind flow,…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2013-07-15 Lorenzo Fagiano , Khahn Huynh , Bassam Bamieh , Mustafa Khammash

The global transition towards renewable energy has accelerated the deployment of utility-scale wind farms, increasing the need for accurate performance and economic assessments. Although wind energy offers substantial potential for carbon…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-25 Ann Mary Toms , Xingpeng Li

This paper addresses the problem of predicting a wind farm's power generation when no or few statistical data is available. The study is based on a time-series wind speed model and on a simple dynamic model of a DFIG wind turbine including…

Applications · Statistics 2008-12-18 Herman Bayem , Yannick Phulpin , Philippe Dessante , Julien Bect

This paper develops a reduced-order framework for modelling the two-way coupling between gravity waves and turbulent wakes in large-scale wind farms. Linearising the non-hydrostatic Boussinesq equations and introducing simplifications…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-05-29 Hossein A. Kafiabad , Majid Bastankhah

This paper discusses a framework to design elements of the plant and control systems for floating offshore wind turbines in an integrated manner using linear parameter-varying models. Multiple linearized models derived from aeroelastic…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-09 Athul Krishna Sundarrajan , Yong Hoon Lee , James T Allison , Daniel Zalkind , Daniel Herber

The wake effect is one of the leading causes of energy losses in offshore wind farms (WFs). Both turbine placement and cooperative control can influence the wake interactions inside the WF and thus the overall WF power production.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-12-01 Kaixuan Chen , Jin Lin , Yiwei Qiu , Feng Liu , Yonghua Song

We describe the correlation structure of wind power fluctuations in a farm of 80 turbines, sampled over 5 years. We report the presence of universal, collective, and nonlinear correlations, responsible for the excess persistency and…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-05-07 Samy E. Lakhal , J. E. Sardonia , M. M. Bandi

Motivated by the increasing concerns over environmental challenges such as global warming and the exhaustion of fossil-fuel reserves, the renewable energy industry has become the most demanded electrical energy production source worldwide.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-25 Yashar Mousavi

The widespread utilisation of grid-integrated wind electricity necessitates accurate and reliable wind speed forecasting to ensure stable grid and quality power. Machine learning algorithm based wind speed forecasting models are getting…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-08-13 Valsaraj Perumpalot , G. V. Drisya , K. Satheesh Kumar

Inspired by the wake-surfing nature of animals, this study aims to understand the aerodynamic force variation on a wing surfing in an unsteady 2-D wake. Wind tunnel experiments were conducted using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) and force…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-12-11 Siyang Hao , Kenneth Breuer

We investigate the interaction of many wind turbines in a wind farm with a focus on their electrical power production. The operational data of two offshore wind farms with a ten minute and a ten second time resolution, respectively, are…

Applications · Statistics 2023-11-07 Edgar Jungblut , Henrik M. Bette , Thomas Guhr

High wind energy penetration critically challenges the economic dispatch of current and future power systems. Supply and demand must be balanced at every bus of the grid, while respecting transmission line ratings and accounting for the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2013-05-28 Yu Zhang , Nikolaos Gatsis , Vassilis Kekatos , Georgios B. Giannakis

In this paper, an offset-free bilinear model predictive control approach for wind turbines is presented. State-of-the-art controllers employ different control loops for pitch angle and generator torque which switch depending on wind…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-30 Arnold Sterle , Aaron Grapentin , Christian A. Hans , Jörg Raisch