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Neural networks are commonly trained to make predictions through learning algorithms. Contrastive Hebbian learning, which is a powerful rule inspired by gradient backpropagation, is based on Hebb's rule and the contrastive divergence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-21 Georgios Detorakis , Travis Bartley , Emre Neftci

This work presents our ongoing research of unsupervised pretraining in neural machine translation (NMT). In our method, we initialize the weights of the encoder and decoder with two language models that are trained with monolingual data and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Dušan Variš , Ondřej Bojar

Adapting pre-trained models to open classes is a challenging problem in machine learning. Vision-language models fully explore the knowledge of text modality, demonstrating strong zero-shot recognition performance, which is naturally suited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Zhengqing Gao , Xiang Ao , Xu-Yao Zhang , Cheng-Lin Liu

Can we construct a neural model that is inductively biased towards learning human languages? Motivated by this question, we aim at constructing an informative prior over neural weights, in order to adapt quickly to held-out languages in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-10 Edoardo Maria Ponti , Ivan Vulić , Ryan Cotterell , Roi Reichart , Anna Korhonen

Acoustic Word Embeddings (AWEs) improve the efficiency of speech retrieval tasks such as Spoken Term Detection (STD) and Keyword Spotting (KWS). However, existing approaches suffer from limitations, including unimodal supervision, disjoint…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Ramesh Gundluru , Shubham Gupta , Sri Rama Murty K

Recent advances in End-to-End (E2E) Spoken Language Understanding (SLU) have been primarily due to effective pretraining of speech representations. One such pretraining paradigm is the distillation of semantic knowledge from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-04 Vishal Sunder , Eric Fosler-Lussier , Samuel Thomas , Hong-Kwang J. Kuo , Brian Kingsbury

This work explores how self-supervised learning can be universally used to discover speaker-specific features towards enabling personalized speech enhancement models. We specifically address the few-shot learning scenario where access to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-11 Aswin Sivaraman , Minje Kim

We present a contrasting learning approach with data augmentation techniques to learn document representations in an unsupervised manner. Inspired by recent contrastive self-supervised learning algorithms used for image and NLP pretraining,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-29 Dongsheng Luo , Wei Cheng , Jingchao Ni , Wenchao Yu , Xuchao Zhang , Bo Zong , Yanchi Liu , Zhengzhang Chen , Dongjin Song , Haifeng Chen , Xiang Zhang

Acoustic word embeddings (AWEs) are fixed-dimensional representations of variable-length speech segments. For zero-resource languages where labelled data is not available, one AWE approach is to use unsupervised autoencoder-based recurrent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-22 Christiaan Jacobs , Yevgen Matusevych , Herman Kamper

Vector representations of natural language are ubiquitous in search applications. Recently, various methods based on contrastive learning have been proposed to learn textual representations from unlabelled data; by maximizing alignment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-17 Sachin J. Chanchani , Ruihong Huang

Multilingual pretraining typically lacks explicit alignment signals, leading to suboptimal cross-lingual alignment in the representation space. In this work, we show that training standard pretrained models for cross-lingual alignment with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Barah Fazili , Koustava Goswami

A variety of contextualised language models have been proposed in the NLP community, which are trained on diverse corpora to produce numerous Neural Language Models (NLMs). However, different NLMs have reported different levels of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Keigo Takahashi , Danushka Bollegala

This paper highlights a shift in how to approach material generation. Instead of material-to-material, we propose a language-to-material generation architecture that utilizes millions of untapped data points. Using a web scraper to collect…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Neel Redkar

Recent advances in unsupervised representation learning have demonstrated the impact of pretraining on large amounts of read speech. We adapt these techniques for domain adaptation in low-resource -- both in terms of data and compute --…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-14 Chak-Fai Li , Francis Keith , William Hartmann , Matthew Snover

Multilingual speech emotion recognition aims to estimate a speaker's emotional state using a contactless method across different languages. However, variability in voice characteristics and linguistic diversity poses significant challenges…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Heqing Zou , Fengmao Lv , Desheng Zheng , Eng Siong Chng , Deepu Rajan

Successful methods for unsupervised neural machine translation (UNMT) employ crosslingual pretraining via self-supervision, often in the form of a masked language modeling or a sequence generation task, which requires the model to align the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-15 Alexandra Chronopoulou , Dario Stojanovski , Alexander Fraser

The development of unsupervised hashing is advanced by the recent popular contrastive learning paradigm. However, previous contrastive learning-based works have been hampered by (1) insufficient data similarity mining based on global-only…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-29 Jiaguo Yu , Huming Qiu , Dubing Chen , Haofeng Zhang

Machine unlearning aims to remove specific information, e.g. sensitive or undesirable content, from large language models (LLMs) while preserving overall performance. We propose an inference-time unlearning algorithm that uses contrastive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Vinith M. Suriyakumar , Ayush Sekhari , Ashia Wilson

Unsupervised and self-supervised learning methods have leveraged unlabelled data to improve the pretrained models. However, these methods need significantly large amount of unlabelled data and the computational cost of training models with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-04 Utkarsh Chauhan , Vikas Joshi , Rupesh R. Mehta

Recent studies have demonstrated the efficiency of generative pretraining for English natural language understanding. In this work, we extend this approach to multiple languages and show the effectiveness of cross-lingual pretraining. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-01-23 Guillaume Lample , Alexis Conneau