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When incorporating deep neural networks into robotic systems, a major challenge is the lack of uncertainty measures associated with their output predictions. Methods for uncertainty estimation in the output of deep object detectors (DNNs)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-17 Ali Harakeh , Michael Smart , Steven L. Waslander

Object detection using an oriented bounding box (OBB) can better target rotated objects by reducing the overlap with background areas. Existing OBB approaches are mostly built on horizontal bounding box detectors by introducing an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Zhiming Chen , Kean Chen , Weiyao Lin , John See , Hui Yu , Yan Ke , Cong Yang

In the majority of object detection frameworks, the confidence of instance classification is used as the quality criterion of predicted bounding boxes, like the confidence-based ranking in non-maximum suppression (NMS). However, the quality…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Wenchi Ma , Kaidong Li , Guanghui Wang

In autonomous driving, LiDAR and radar are crucial for environmental perception. LiDAR offers precise 3D spatial sensing information but struggles in adverse weather like fog. Conversely, radar signals can penetrate rain or mist due to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Yanlong Yang , Jianan Liu , Tao Huang , Qing-Long Han , Gang Ma , Bing Zhu

Object detection is a typical multi-task learning application, which optimizes classification and regression simultaneously. However, classification loss always dominates the multi-task loss in anchor-based methods, hampering the consistent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Wenxin Yu , Xueling Shen , Jiajie Hu , Dong Yin

Accurate object detection and prediction are critical to ensure the safety and efficiency of self-driving architectures. Predicting object trajectories and occupancy enables autonomous vehicles to anticipate movements and make decisions…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Miguel Antunes-García , Luis M. Bergasa , Santiago Montiel-Marín , Rafael Barea , Fabio Sánchez-García , Ángel Llamazares

Anchor-based detectors have been continuously developed for object detection. However, the individual anchor box makes it difficult to predict the boundary's offset accurately. Instead of taking each bounding box as a closed individual, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Yilong Lv , Min Li , Yujie He , Shaopeng Li , Zhuzhen He , Aitao Yang

Open-set detection is crucial for robust UAV autonomy in air-to-air object detection under real-world conditions. Traditional closed-set detectors degrade significantly under domain shifts and flight data corruption, posing risks to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Spyridon Loukovitis , Anastasios Arsenos , Vasileios Karampinis , Athanasios Voulodimos

Real-world robotics applications demand object pose estimation methods that work reliably across a variety of scenarios. Modern learning-based approaches require large labeled datasets and tend to perform poorly outside the training domain.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-15 Jingnan Shi , Rajat Talak , Dominic Maggio , Luca Carlone

A recent approach for object detection and human pose estimation is to regress bounding boxes or human keypoints from a central point on the object or person. While this center-point regression is simple and efficient, we argue that the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-04 Fangyun Wei , Xiao Sun , Hongyang Li , Jingdong Wang , Stephen Lin

Estimating 3D orientation and translation of objects is essential for infrastructure-less autonomous navigation and driving. In case of monocular vision, successful methods have been mainly based on two ingredients: (i) a network generating…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-25 Zechen Liu , Zizhang Wu , Roland Tóth

In autonomous driving, multi-modal perception tasks like 3D object detection typically rely on well-synchronized sensors, both at training and inference. However, despite the use of hardware- or software-based synchronization algorithms,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Shiming Wang , Holger Caesar , Liangliang Nan , Julian F. P. Kooij

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have enabled astounding progress in several vision-based problems. Despite showing high predictive accuracy, recently, several works have revealed that they tend to provide overconfident predictions and thus are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Muhammad Akhtar Munir , Muhammad Haris Khan , Salman Khan , Fahad Shahbaz Khan

Since many safety-critical systems, such as surgical robots and autonomous driving cars operate in unstable environments with sensor noise and incomplete data, it is desirable for object detectors to take the localization uncertainty into…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-07 Youngwan Lee , Joong-won Hwang , Hyung-Il Kim , Kimin Yun , Yongjin Kwon , Yuseok Bae , Sung Ju Hwang

Vision-language models (VLMs) such as CLIP and Grounding DINO have achieved remarkable success in object recognition and detection. However, their performance often degrades under real-world distribution shifts. Test-time adaptation (TTA)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Lihua Zhou , Mao Ye , Shuaifeng Li , Nianxin Li , Jinlin Wu , Xiatian Zhu , Lei Deng , Hongbin Liu , Jiebo Luo , Zhen Lei

Detecting objects in 3D space using multiple cameras, known as Multi-Camera 3D Object Detection (MC3D-Det), has gained prominence with the advent of bird's-eye view (BEV) approaches. However, these methods often struggle when faced with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Hao Lu , Yunpeng Zhang , Qing Lian , Dalong Du , Yingcong Chen

Recent works in object detection in LiDAR point clouds mostly focus on predicting bounding boxes around objects. This prediction is commonly achieved using anchor-based or anchor-free detectors that predict bounding boxes, requiring…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-26 William Guimont-Martin , Jean-Michel Fortin , François Pomerleau , Philippe Giguère

The detection of fa\c{c}ade elements on buildings, such as doors, windows, balconies, air conditioning units, billboards, and glass curtain walls, is a critical step in automating the creation of Building Information Modeling (BIM). Yet,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Yangguang Chen , Tong Wang , Guanzhou Chen , Kun Zhu , Xiaoliang Tan , Jiaqi Wang , Wenchao Guo , Qing Wang , Xiaolong Luo , Xiaodong Zhang

In this paper, we focus on the challenging task of monocular 3D lane detection. Previous methods typically adopt inverse perspective mapping (IPM) to transform the Front-Viewed (FV) images or features into the Bird-Eye-Viewed (BEV) space…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Shaofei Huang , Zhenwei Shen , Zehao Huang , Yue Liao , Jizhong Han , Naiyan Wang , Si Liu

Reliable dynamic object detection in cluttered environments remains a critical challenge for autonomous navigation. Purely geometric LiDAR pipelines that rely on clustering and heuristic filtering can miss dynamic obstacles when they move…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Juan Rached , Yixuan Jia , Kota Kondo , Jonathan P. How