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The advent and fast development of neural networks have revolutionized the research on dialogue systems and subsequently have triggered various challenges regarding their automatic evaluation. Automatic evaluation of open-domain dialogue…

This paper explores the efficacy of online versus offline evaluation methods in assessing conversational chatbots, specifically comparing first-party direct interactions with third-party observational assessments. By extending a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Ekaterina Svikhnushina , Pearl Pu

Advancements in dialogue systems powered by large language models (LLMs) have outpaced the development of reliable evaluation metrics, particularly for diverse and creative responses. We present a benchmark for evaluating the robustness of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Justin Vasselli , Adam Nohejl , Taro Watanabe

Though generative dialogue modeling is widely seen as a language modeling task, the task demands an agent to have a complex natural language understanding of its input text to carry a meaningful interaction with an user. The automatic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-25 Prasanna Parthasarathi , Joelle Pineau , Sarath Chandar

End-to-end spoken dialogue models such as GPT-4o-audio have recently garnered significant attention in the speech domain. However, the evaluation of spoken dialogue models' conversational performance has largely been overlooked. This is…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-24 Shengpeng Ji , Tianle Liang , Yangzhuo Li , Jialong Zuo , Minghui Fang , Jinzheng He , Yifu Chen , Zhengqing Liu , Ziyue Jiang , Xize Cheng , Siqi Zheng , Jin Xu , Junyang Lin , Zhou Zhao

User reviews on e-commerce and review sites are crucial for making purchase decisions, although creating detailed reviews is time-consuming and labor-intensive. In this study, we propose a novel use of dialogue systems to facilitate user…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Yoshiki Tanaka , Michimasa Inaba

Dialog evaluation is a challenging problem, especially for non task-oriented dialogs where conversational success is not well-defined. We propose to evaluate dialog quality using topic-based metrics that describe the ability of a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-01-12 Fenfei Guo , Angeliki Metallinou , Chandra Khatri , Anirudh Raju , Anu Venkatesh , Ashwin Ram

Conversational information access is an emerging research area. Currently, human evaluation is used for end-to-end system evaluation, which is both very time and resource intensive at scale, and thus becomes a bottleneck of progress. As an…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-06-17 Shuo Zhang , Krisztian Balog

Human ratings are one of the most prevalent methods to evaluate the performance of natural language processing algorithms. Similarly, it is common to measure the quality of sentences generated by a natural language generation model using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Jakob Nyberg , Ramesh Manuvinakurike , Maike Paetzel-Prüsmann

User-centric evaluation has become a key paradigm for assessing Conversational Recommender Systems (CRS), aiming to capture subjective qualities such as satisfaction, trust, and rapport. To enable scalable evaluation, recent work…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Michael Müller , Amir Reza Mohammadi , Andreas Peintner , Beatriz Barroso Gstrein , Günther Specht , Eva Zangerle

The study illustrates a first step towards an ongoing work aimed at developing a dataset of dialogues potentially useful for customer service conversation management between humans and AI chatbots. The approach exploits ChatGPT 3.5 to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Alfredo Cuzzocrea , Giovanni Pilato , Pablo Garcia Bringas

In this paper, we describe a set of metrics for the evaluation of different dialogue management strategies in an implemented real-time spoken language system. The set of metrics we propose offers useful insights in evaluating how particular…

cmp-lg · Computer Science 2008-02-03 Morena Danieli , Elisabetta Gerbino

Large language models (LLMs) and dialogue agents represent a significant shift in artificial intelligence (AI) research, particularly with the recent release of the GPT family of models. ChatGPT's generative capabilities and versatility…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Skyler Wang , Ned Cooper , Margaret Eby

One challenge for dialogue agents is recognizing feelings in the conversation partner and replying accordingly, a key communicative skill. While it is straightforward for humans to recognize and acknowledge others' feelings in a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-30 Hannah Rashkin , Eric Michael Smith , Margaret Li , Y-Lan Boureau

There is a multitude of novel generative models for open-domain conversational systems; however, there is no systematic evaluation of different systems. Systematic comparisons require consistency in experimental design, evaluation sets,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Seolhwa Lee , Heuiseok Lim , João Sedoc

Evaluating open-domain dialogue systems is difficult due to the diversity of possible correct answers. Automatic metrics such as BLEU correlate weakly with human annotations, resulting in a significant bias across different models and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-02 Nouha Dziri , Ehsan Kamalloo , Kory W. Mathewson , Osmar Zaiane

Research suggests that providing specific and timely feedback to human tutors enhances their performance. However, it presents challenges due to the time-consuming nature of assessing tutor performance by human evaluators. Large language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Dollaya Hirunyasiri , Danielle R. Thomas , Jionghao Lin , Kenneth R. Koedinger , Vincent Aleven

Evaluating the quality of a dialogue interaction between two agents is a difficult task, especially in open-domain chit-chat style dialogue. There have been recent efforts to develop automatic dialogue evaluation metrics, but most of them…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Koustuv Sinha , Prasanna Parthasarathi , Jasmine Wang , Ryan Lowe , William L. Hamilton , Joelle Pineau

Recent technological advances have made it possible to build real-time, interactive spoken dialogue systems for a wide variety of applications. However, when users do not respect the limitations of such systems, performance typically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Diane J. Litman , Shimei Pan

The emergence of instruction-tuned large language models (LLMs) has advanced the field of dialogue systems, enabling both realistic user simulations and robust multi-turn conversational agents. However, existing research often evaluates…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Chalamalasetti Kranti , Sherzod Hakimov , David Schlangen