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Context. High-resolution spectroscopy in the near-infrared (NIR) is a powerful tool for characterising the physical and chemical properties of cool-star atmospheres. The current generation of NIR echelle spectrographs enables the sampling…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-01-04 C. Fanelli , L. Origlia , E. Oliva , A. Mucciarelli , N. Sanna , E. Dalessandro , D. Romano

The search for atmospheric biosignatures in Earth-like exoplanets is one of the most pressing challenges in observational astrobiology. Detecting biogenic gases in terrestrial planets requires high-resolution observations and long…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-03 David S. Duque-Castaño , Jorge I. Zuluaga , Lauren Flor-Torres

Chemical modeling and synthetic observations are powerful methods to interpret observations, both requiring a knowledge of the physical conditions. In this paper, we present the Analytical Protostellar Environment (APE) code, which aims at…

The Planck mission, originally devised for cosmological studies, offers the opportunity to observe Solar System objects at millimetric and submillimetric wavelengths. We concentrate in this paper on the asteroids of the Main Belt. We intend…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 G. Cremonese , F. Marzari , C. Burigana , M. Maris

The Atmospheric Remote-sensing Infrared Exoplanet Large-survey mission (ARIEL) is one of the three present candidates for the ESA M4 (the fourth medium mission) launch opportunity. The proposed Payload will perform a large unbiased…

We have entered the era of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). We use the first JWST transmission spectrum of the hot Saturn-mass exoplanet, WASP-39 b, obtained with the NIRSpec instrument in the 3-5 $\mu$m range to investigate (a) what…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-02-08 Savvas Constantinou , Nikku Madhusudhan , Siddharth Gandhi

The advent of high-resolution spectroscopy as a method for exoplanet atmospheric characterization has expanded our capability to study non-transiting planets, increasing the number of planets accessible for observation. Many of the most…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-22 Isaac Malsky , Emily Rauscher , Eliza M. R. Kempton , Michael Roman , Deryl Long , Caleb K. Harada

(Abridged) We present the abundance analysis of 12 PNe ionized by [WC]-type stars and wels obtained from high-resolution spectrophotometric data. Our main aims are to determine the chemical composition of the PNe and to study the behaviour…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-17 J. Garcia-Rojas , M. Peña , C. Morisset , G. Delgado-Inglada , A. Mesa-Delgado , M. T. Ruiz

[Full abstract in the paper] We aim to better constrain the atmospheric properties of the directly imaged exoplanet 51~Eri~b by using a retrieval approach on higher signal-to-noise data than previously reported. In this context, we also…

Stellar contamination has long been recognized as a major bottleneck in transmission spectroscopy, limiting our ability to accurately characterize exoplanet atmospheres-particularly for terrestrial worlds. In response, significant…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-18 Thomas J. Fauchez , Elsa Ducrot , Benjamin V. Rackham , Kevin B. Stevenson , Laura C. Mayorga , Julien de Wit

One of the frontier research fields of exoplanetary science is the study of the composition and variability of exoplanetary atmospheres. This field is now moving from the gas giant planets towards the smaller and colder telluric planets,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-17 Monica Rainer , Evandro Balbi , Francesco Borsa , Paola Cianfarra , Avet Harutyunyan , Silvano Tosi

Transmission spectroscopy of exoplanets has the potential to provide precise measurements of atmospheric chemical abundances, in particular of hot Jupiters whose large sizes and high temperatures make them conducive to such observations. To…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-11-07 Arazi Pinhas , Nikku Madhusudhan , Siddharth Gandhi , Ryan J. MacDonald

With the plentiful information available in the Gaia BP/RP spectra, there is significant scope for applying discriminative models to extract stellar atmospheric parameters and abundances. We describe an approach to leverage an `Uncertain…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-20 Connor P. Fallows , Jason L. Sanders

Accurate stellar parameters and precise elemental abundances are vital pieces to correctly characterize discovered planetary systems, better understand planet formation, and trace galactic chemical evolution. We have performed a uniform…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-29 John M. Brewer , Debra A. Fischer

The ESA space mission Ariel requires bright sources that are stable at the level of 100ppm over 6 hours in order to accurately measure exoplanet atmospheres through transmission spectroscopy. To ensure this, in-flight instrument calibration…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-27 Elena Tonucci , Tim van Kempen , Jean-Philippe Beaulieu , Lilou Bernard

Accurate estimations of atmospheric properties of exoplanets from transmission spectra require understanding of degeneracies between model parameters and observations that can resolve them. We conduct a systematic investigation of such…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-08 Luis Welbanks , Nikku Madhusudhan

High-resolution Doppler-resolved spectroscopy has opened up a new window into the atmospheres of both transiting and non-transiting exoplanets. Here, we present VLT/UVES observations of a transit of WASP-121b, an 'ultra-hot' Jupiter…

Spectroscopy of exoplanetary atmospheres has become a well established method for the characterisation of extrasolar planets. We here present a novel inverse retrieval code for exoplanetary atmospheres. TauRex (Tau Retrieval for Exoplanets)…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 Ingo P. Waldmann , Giovanna Tinetti , Marco Rocchetto , Emma J. Barton , Sergey N. Yurchenko , Jonathan Tennyson

H$_2$O is a key molecule in characterizing atmospheres of temperate terrestrial planets, and observations of transmission spectra are expected to play a primary role in detecting its signatures in the near future. The detectability of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-31 Yuka Fujii , Anthony D. Del Genio , David S. Amundsen

The search for water-rich Earth-sized exoplanets around low-mass stars is rapidly gaining attention because they represent the best opportunity to characterize habitable planets in the near future. Understanding the atmospheres of these…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-03-11 Gabrielle Suissa , Avi M. Mandell , Eric T. Wolf , Geronimo L. Villanueva , Thomas Fauchez , Ravi kumar Kopparapu
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