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The brain, as the source of inspiration for Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), is based on a sparse structure. This sparse structure helps the brain to consume less energy, learn easier and generalize patterns better than any other ANN. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Seyed Majid Naji , Azra Abtahi , Farokh Marvasti

Structured sparsity accelerates training and inference on modern GPUs, yet it still trails unstructured dynamic sparse training (DST) in accuracy. The shortfall stems from a loss of expressivity: whereas a dense layer can realize every…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Abhishek Tyagi , Arjun Iyer , Liam Young , William H Renninger , Christopher Kanan , Yuhao Zhu

Sparsity has become one of the promising methods to compress and accelerate Deep Neural Networks (DNNs). Among different categories of sparsity, structured sparsity has gained more attention due to its efficient execution on modern…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-19 Sheng-Chun Kao , Amir Yazdanbakhsh , Suvinay Subramanian , Shivani Agrawal , Utku Evci , Tushar Krishna

The main goal of network pruning is imposing sparsity on the neural network by increasing the number of parameters with zero value in order to reduce the architecture size and the computational speedup. In most of the previous research…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-01-17 Amirsina Torfi , Rouzbeh A. Shirvani , Sobhan Soleymani , Naser M. Nasrabadi

Sparse deep neural networks(DNNs) are efficient in both memory and compute when compared to dense DNNs. But due to irregularity in computation of sparse DNNs, their efficiencies are much lower than that of dense DNNs on regular parallel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-31 Dharma Teja Vooturi , Dheevatsa Mudigere , Sasikanth Avancha

Transformers are becoming the mainstream solutions for various tasks like NLP and Computer vision. Despite their success, the high complexity of the attention mechanism hinders them from being applied to latency-sensitive tasks. Tremendous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-02 Zhaodong Chen , Yuying Quan , Zheng Qu , Liu Liu , Yufei Ding , Yuan Xie

The deployment of deep neural networks (DNNs) in privacy-sensitive environments is constrained by computational overheads in fully homomorphic encryption (FHE). This paper explores unstructured sparsity in FHE matrix multiplication schemes…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Aidan Ferguson , Perry Gibson , Lara D'Agata , Parker McLeod , Ferhat Yaman , Amitabh Das , Ian Colbert , José Cano

Inspired by the robustness and efficiency of sparse representation in sparse coding based image restoration models, we investigate the sparsity of neurons in deep networks. Our method structurally enforces sparsity constraints upon hidden…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Yuchen Fan , Jiahui Yu , Yiqun Mei , Yulun Zhang , Yun Fu , Ding Liu , Thomas S. Huang

As the size of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) increases dramatically to achieve high accuracy, the DNNs require a large amount of computations and memory footprint. Pruning, which produces a sparse neural network, is one of the solutions to…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Hyunsung Yoon , Sungju Ryu , Jae-Joon Kim

In this paper, we demonstrate how to leverage 2:4 sparsity, a popular hardware-accelerated GPU sparsity pattern, to activations to accelerate large language model training and inference. Crucially we exploit the intrinsic sparsity found in…

Deep neural network (DNN) has emerged as the most important and popular artificial intelligent (AI) technique. The growth of model size poses a key energy efficiency challenge for the underlying computing platform. Thus, model compression…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-24 Chunhua Deng , Siyu Liao , Yi Xie , Keshab K. Parhi , Xuehai Qian , Bo Yuan

The acceleration of pruned Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) on edge devices such as Microcontrollers (MCUs) is a challenging task, given the tight area- and power-constraints of these devices. In this work, we propose a three-fold contribution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Francesco Daghero , Daniele Jahier Pagliari , Francesco Conti , Luca Benini , Massimo Poncino , Alessio Burrello

Deep Learning (DL) has achieved unprecedented success in various application domains. Meanwhile, model pruning has emerged as a viable solution to reduce the footprint of DL models in mobile applications, without compromising their…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Christodoulos Peltekis , Vasileios Titopoulos , Chrysostomos Nicopoulos , Giorgos Dimitrakopoulos

Convolution neural networks (CNNs) have achieved remarkable success, but typically accompany high computation cost and numerous redundant weight parameters. To reduce the FLOPs, structure pruning is a popular approach to remove the entire…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Bo Ji , Tianyi Chen

Deep neural networks have emerged as powerful tools for learning operators defined over infinite-dimensional function spaces. However, existing theories frequently encounter difficulties related to dimensionality and limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Jianfei Li , Shuo Huang , Han Feng , Ding-Xuan Zhou , Gitta Kutyniok

That neural networks may be pruned to high sparsities and retain high accuracy is well established. Recent research efforts focus on pruning immediately after initialization so as to allow the computational savings afforded by sparsity to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-28 Ilan Price , Jared Tanner

Activation sparsity improves compute efficiency and resource utilization in sparsity-aware neural network accelerators. As the predominant operation in DNNs is multiply-accumulate (MAC) of activations with weights to compute inner products,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-16 Amirreza Yousefzadeh , Manolis Sifalakis

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have manifested remarkable advantages in power consumption and event-driven property during the inference process. To take full advantage of low power consumption and improve the efficiency of these models…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Jiangrong Shen , Qi Xu , Jian K. Liu , Yueming Wang , Gang Pan , Huajin Tang

Conventional deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) apply convolution operators uniformly in space across all feature maps for hundreds of layers - this incurs a high computational cost for real-time applications. For many problems such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-06-08 Mengye Ren , Andrei Pokrovsky , Bin Yang , Raquel Urtasun

Deep learning is finding its way into the embedded world with applications such as autonomous driving, smart sensors and aug- mented reality. However, the computation of deep neural networks is demanding in energy, compute power and memory.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-28 Dominik Marek Loroch , Franz-Josef Pfreundt , Norbert Wehn , Janis Keuper