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The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) is a critical tool for monitoring drought conditions, typically relying on normalized accumulated precipitation. While longer historical records of precipitation yield more accurate parameter…

Applications · Statistics 2025-07-22 Touqeer Ahmad , Taha Hasan

Climate change is expected to increase the likelihood of drought events, with severe implications for food security. Unlike other natural disasters, droughts have a slow onset and depend on various external factors, making drought detection…

Multivariate time series forecasting is an important machine learning problem across many domains, including predictions of solar plant energy output, electricity consumption, and traffic jam situation. Temporal data arise in these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-04-20 Guokun Lai , Wei-Cheng Chang , Yiming Yang , Hanxiao Liu

These days human beings are facing many environmental challenges due to frequently occurring drought hazards. It may have an effect on the countrys environment, the community, and industries. Several adverse impacts of drought hazard are…

Accurate and timely estimation of precipitation is critical for issuing hazard warnings (e.g., for flash floods or landslides). Current remotely sensed precipitation products have a few hours of latency, associated with the acquisition and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-20 Mohammad Reza Ehsani , Ariyan Zarei , Hoshin V. Gupta , Kobus Barnard , Ali Behrangi

Short-term rainfall forecasting, also known as precipitation nowcasting has become a potentially fundamental technology impacting significant real-world applications ranging from flight safety, rainstorm alerts to farm irrigation timings.…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-10-25 Maitreya Patel , Anery Patel , Dr. Ranendu Ghosh

Quantification of physiological changes in plants can capture different drought mechanisms and assist in selection of tolerant varieties in a high throughput manner. In this context, an accurate 3D model of plant canopy provides a reliable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-10-19 Siddharth Srivastava , Swati Bhugra , Brejesh Lall , Santanu Chaudhury

Deep neural networks have made great achievements in rainfall prediction.However, the current forecasting methods have certain limitations, such as with blurry generated images and incorrect spatial positions. To overcome these challenges,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-21 XuDong Ling , ChaoRong Li , FengQing Qin , LiHong Zhu , Yuanyuan Huang

Climate change affects occurrences of floods and droughts worldwide. However, predicting climate impacts over individual watersheds is difficult, primarily because accurate hydrological forecasts require models that are calibrated to past…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Frederik Kratzert , Daniel Klotz , Johannes Brandstetter , Pieter-Jan Hoedt , Grey Nearing , Sepp Hochreiter

Seasonal forecasting remains challenging due to the inherent chaotic nature of atmospheric dynamics. This paper introduces DeepSeasons, a novel deep learning approach designed to enhance the accuracy and reliability of seasonal forecasts.…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-09-16 A. Navarra , G. G. Navarra

Climate change is one of the most concerning issues of this century. Emission from electric power generation is a crucial factor that drives the concern to the next level. Renewable energy sources are widespread and available globally,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-27 Md Amimul Ehsan , Amir Shahirinia , Nian Zhang , Timothy Oladunni

We propose a neural network approach to produce probabilistic weather forecasts from a deterministic numerical weather prediction. Our approach is applied to operational surface temperature outputs from the Global Deterministic Prediction…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-04-07 David Landry , Anastase Charantonis , Claire Monteleoni

Western countries rely heavily on wheat, and yield prediction is crucial. Time-series deep learning models, such as Long Short Term Memory (LSTM), have already been explored and applied to yield prediction. Existing literature reported that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-05 Yogesh Bansal , David Lillis , Mohand Tahar Kechadi

Deep Learning has recently emerged as a perfect prognosis downscaling technique to compute high-resolution fields from large-scale coarse atmospheric data. Despite their promising results to reproduce the observed local variability, they…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Jose González-Abad , Jorge Baño-Medina , Ignacio Heredia Cachá

Weather forecasting remains a crucial yet challenging domain, where recently developed models based on deep learning (DL) have approached the performance of traditional numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. However, these DL models,…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-02-13 Zhanxiang Hua , Yutong He , Chengqian Ma , Alexandra Anderson-Frey

A key challenge for computationally intensive state-of-the-art Earth System models is to distinguish global warming signals from interannual variability. Here we introduce DLESyM, a parsimonious deep learning model that accurately simulates…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-10-21 Nathaniel Cresswell-Clay , Bowen Liu , Dale Durran , Zihui Liu , Zachary I. Espinosa , Raul Moreno , Matthias Karlbauer

Drought threatens food and water security around the world, and this threat is likely to become more severe under climate change. High resolution predictive information can help farmers, water managers, and others to manage the effects of…

Other Quantitative Biology · Quantitative Biology 2017-05-29 John J. Nay , Emily Burchfield , Jonathan Gilligan

Recent advances in machine learning such as Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) models and Transformers have been widely adopted in hydrological applications, demonstrating impressive performance amongst deep learning models and outperforming…

As the peak of the solar cycle approaches in 2025 and the ability of a single geomagnetic storm to significantly alter the orbit of Resident Space Objects (RSOs), techniques for atmospheric density forecasting are vital for space…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-10-27 Julia Briden , Peng Mun Siew , Victor Rodriguez-Fernandez , Richard Linares

Predicting flood for any location at times of extreme storms is a longstanding problem that has utmost importance in emergency management. Conventional methods that aim to predict water levels in streams use advanced hydrological models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-25 Muhammed Sit , Ibrahim Demir