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In the field of inverse estimation for systems modeled by partial differential equations (PDEs), challenges arise when estimating high- (or even infinite-) dimensional parameters. Typically, the ill-posed nature of such problems…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Yankun Hong , Harshit Bansal , Karen Veroy

Higher-order ODE solvers have become a standard tool for accelerating diffusion probabilistic model (DPM) sampling, motivating the widespread view that first-order methods are inherently slower and that increasing discretization order is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-01 Yuchen Jiao , Na Li , Changxiao Cai , Gen Li

The diffusion model has shown remarkable success in computer vision, but it remains unclear whether the ODE-based probability flow or the SDE-based diffusion model is more superior and under what circumstances. Comparing the two is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Yu Cao , Jingrun Chen , Yixin Luo , Xiang Zhou

Autoregressive next-step prediction models have become the de-facto standard for building data-driven neural solvers to forecast time-dependent partial differential equations (PDEs). Denoise training that is closely related to diffusion…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Zijie Li , Anthony Zhou , Amir Barati Farimani

Image super-resolution is a fundamentally ill-posed problem because multiple valid high-resolution images exist for one low-resolution image. Super-resolution methods based on diffusion probabilistic models can deal with the ill-posed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Yutao Yuan , Chun Yuan

Score-based generative models, which transform noise into data by learning to reverse a diffusion process, have become a cornerstone of modern generative AI. This paper contributes to establishing theoretical guarantees for the probability…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-03 Jiaqi Tang , Yuling Yan

Diffusion models have emerged as powerful generative tools with applications in computer vision and scientific machine learning (SciML), where they have been used to solve large-scale probabilistic inverse problems. Traditionally, these…

Score-based diffusion models learn to reverse a stochastic differential equation that maps data to noise. However, for complex tasks, numerical error can compound and result in highly unnatural samples. Previous work mitigates this drift…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-06-12 Aaron Lou , Stefano Ermon

Recent years have witnessed the rapid progress and broad application of diffusion probabilistic models (DPMs). Sampling from DPMs can be viewed as solving an ordinary differential equation (ODE). Despite the promising performance, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Enshu Liu , Xuefei Ning , Huazhong Yang , Yu Wang

Diffusion-based generative models learn to iteratively transfer unstructured noise to a complex target distribution as opposed to Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) or the decoder of Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) which produce samples…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Sarthak Mittal , Guillaume Lajoie , Stefan Bauer , Arash Mehrjou

Deterministic flow models, such as rectified flows, offer a general framework for learning a deterministic transport map between two distributions, realized as the vector field for an ordinary differential equation (ODE). However, they are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Saurabh Singh , Ian Fischer

The past few years have witnessed the great success of Diffusion models~(DMs) in generating high-fidelity samples in generative modeling tasks. A major limitation of the DM is its notoriously slow sampling procedure which normally requires…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Qinsheng Zhang , Yongxin Chen

Though denoising diffusion probabilistic models (DDPMs) have achieved remarkable generation results, the low sampling efficiency of DDPMs still limits further applications. Since DDPMs can be formulated as diffusion ordinary differential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Shengming Li , Luping Liu , Runnan Li , Xu Tan

Diffusion models have gained prominence in generating high-quality sequences of text. Nevertheless, current approaches predominantly represent discrete text within a continuous diffusion space, which incurs substantial computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Shansan Gong , Mukai Li , Jiangtao Feng , Zhiyong Wu , Lingpeng Kong

Diffusion probabilistic models (DPMs), while effective in generating high-quality samples, often suffer from high computational costs due to their iterative sampling process. To address this, we propose an enhanced ODE-based sampling method…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Jinyoung Choi , Junoh Kang , Bohyung Han

Diffusion-based real-world image super-resolution (Real-ISR) methods have demonstrated impressive performance.To achieve efficient Real-ISR, many works employ Variational Score Distillation (VSD) to distill pre-trained stable-diffusion (SD)…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-03 Tianyi Zhang , Zheng-Peng Duan , Peng-Tao Jiang , Bo Li , Ming-Ming Cheng , Chun-Le Guo , Chongyi Li

In this paper, by employing the asymptotic expansion method, we prove the existence and uniqueness of a smoothing solution for a time-dependent nonlinear singularly perturbed partial differential equation (PDE) with a small-scale parameter.…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-10-11 Dmitrii Chaikovskii , Ye Zhang

The diffusion model has demonstrated promising results in image generation, recently becoming mainstream and representing a notable advancement for many generative modeling tasks. Prior applications of the diffusion model for both fast…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-06-18 Cheng Jiang , Sitian Qian , Huilin Qu

Score-based diffusion models provide a powerful way to model images using the gradient of the data distribution. Leveraging the learned score function as a prior, here we introduce a way to sample data from a conditional distribution given…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-19 Hyungjin Chung , Jong Chul Ye

Inverse problems are fundamental to science and engineering, where the goal is to infer an underlying signal or state from incomplete or noisy measurements. Recent approaches employ diffusion models as powerful implicit priors for such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Bilal Ahmed , Joseph G. Makin