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Many novel properties of non-Hermitian systems are found at or near the exceptional points-branch points of complex energy surfaces at which eigenvalues and eigenvectors coalesce. In particular, higher-order exceptional points can result in…

Optics · Physics 2019-02-21 Shubo Wang , Bo Hou , Weixin Lu , Yuntian Chen , Z. Q. Zhang , C. T. Chan

The amplitude of resonant oscillations in a non-Hermitian environment can either decay or grow in time, corresponding to a mode with either loss or gain. When two coupled modes have a specific difference between their loss or gain, a…

Classical Physics · Physics 2025-11-07 N. J. Lambert , A. Schumer , J. J. Longdell , S. Rotter , H. G. L. Schwefel

A power enhancement optical cavity is a compelling means of realizing a pulsed laser with a high peak power and high repetition frequency, which is not feasible using a simple amplifier scheme. However, a precise feedback system is…

In a non-Hermitian optical system with loss and gain, an exceptional point (EP) will arise under specific parameters where the eigenvalues and eigenstates exhibit simultaneous coalescence. Here we report a dynamical switching of lasing…

Optics · Physics 2019-12-30 Yicong Zhang , Weiwei Liu , Qingjie Liu , Bing Wang , Peixiang Lu

Driven-dissipative systems provide a natural setting for the emergence of exceptional points -- i.e. non-Hermitian degeneracies where eigenmodes coalesce. These points are important for applications such as sensing, where enhanced…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-10-21 Mawgan A. Smith , Ryan D. McKenzie , Alban Joseph , Robert L. Stamps , Rair Macêdo

Electromagnetically induced transparency, as a quantum interference effect to eliminate optical absorption in an opaque medium, has found extensive applications in slow light generation, optical storage, frequency conversion, optical…

We derive new exceptional point (EP) conditions of the coupled microring resonators using coupled mode theory in space, a more accurate approach than the commonly used coupled mode theory in time. Transmission spectra around EPs obtained…

Optics · Physics 2024-10-24 Kunpeng Zhu , Xiaoyan Zhou , Yinxin Zhang , Zhanhua Huang , Lin Zhang

Dynamical encirclement of an Exceptional Point (EP) and corresponding time-asymmetric mode evolution properties due to breakdown in adiabatic theorem have been a key to range of exotic physical effects in various open atomic, molecular and…

Optics · Physics 2019-04-17 Arnab Laha , Sibnath Dey , Harsh K. Gandhi , Abhijit Biswas , Somnath Ghosh

Exceptional point (EP) degeneracies in coupled cavities with gain and loss provide on-chip photonic devices with unconventional features and performance. However, such systems with realistic structures often miss the exact EPs even in…

Optics · Physics 2022-01-26 Kenta Takata , Nathan Roberts , Akihiko Shinya , Masaya Notomi

Gain and loss modulation are ubiquitous in nature. An exceptional point arises when both the eigenvectors and eigenvalues coalesce, which in a physical system can be achieved by engineering the gain and loss coefficients, leading to a wide…

Sensors play a crucial role in advanced apparatuses and it is persistently pursued to improve their sensitivities. Recently, the singularity of a non-Hermitian system, known as the exceptional point (EP), has drawn much attention for this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-04 Yao-Dong Hu , Yi-Pu Wang , Rui-Chang Shen , Zi-Qi Wang , Wei-Jiang Wu , J. Q. You

The gain-loss coupling in optical cavities induces exceptional points (EPs), where two optical modes coalesce. The large modal overlap near an EP intensifies gain competition, favoring single-mode lasing. Recent studies further revealed…

Optics · Physics 2026-01-30 Xingwei Gao , Cheng Guo , David Burghoff

Recently, presence of hidden singularities known as exceptional points (EPs) in non-Hermitian quantum systems has opened up a tremendous interest in different domains of physics owing to their unique unconventional physical effects.…

Optics · Physics 2016-03-08 Arnab Laha , Somnath Ghosh

Exceptional points (EPs), i.e., non-Hermitian degeneracies at which eigenvalues and eigenvectors coalesce, can be realized by tuning the gain/loss contrast of different modes in non-Hermitian systems or by engineering the asymmetric…

One of the key features of lasers operating near exceptional points (EPs) is that the gain medium can support an oscillating population inversion above a pump threshold, leading to self-modulated laser dynamics. This unusual behavior opens…

Optics · Physics 2024-12-17 Hao He , Xingwei Gao , Alexander Cerjan , Chia Wei Hsu

We study mechanical cooling in systems of coupled passive (lossy) and active (with gain) optical resonators. We find that for a driving laser which is red-detuned with respect to the cavity frequency, the supermode structure of the system…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-06-15 H. Jing , Ş. K. Özdemir , H. Lü , Franco Nori

Lasing and coherent perfect absorption (CPA) are time-reversed manifestations of non-Hermitian light-matter interactions. While exceptional points (EPs) have been extensively explored for controlling lasing dynamics, their role in the…

Optics · Physics 2026-05-26 Arnab Laha , Somnath Ghosh , Adam Miranowicz , Lin Wu

Exceptional points are spectral singularities where both eigenvalues and eigenvectors collapse onto a single mode, causing the system behavior to shift abruptly and making it highly responsive to even small perturbations. Although widely…

Systems operating at exceptional points (EPs) are highly responsive to small perturbations, making them suitable for sensing applications. Although this feature impedes the system working exactly at an EP due to imperfections arising during…

Optics · Physics 2024-01-19 Shahab Ramezanpour

Electromagnetic resonators are a versatile platform to harvest, filter and trap electromagnetic energy, at the basis of many applications from microwaves to optics. Resonators with a large intrinsic quality factor (Q) are highly desirable…

Optics · Physics 2020-02-04 Younes Radi , Alex Krasnok , Andrea Alú
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