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The practical impact of deep learning on complex supervised learning problems has been significant, so much so that almost every Artificial Intelligence problem, or at least a portion thereof, has been somehow recast as a deep learning…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-03-19 Housam Khalifa Bashier Babiker , Randy Goebel

Image classification is an essential part of computer vision which assigns a given input image to a specific category based on the similarity evaluation within given criteria. While promising classifiers can be obtained through deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Emma Andrews , Prabhat Mishra

This work aligns deep learning (DL) with human reasoning capabilities and needs to enable more efficient, interpretable, and robust image classification. We approach this from three perspectives: explainability, causality, and biological…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Gianluca Carloni

Deep Learning has already been successfully applied to analyze industrial sensor data in a variety of relevant use cases. However, the opaque nature of many well-performing methods poses a major obstacle for real-world deployment.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Thomas Decker , Michael Lebacher , Volker Tresp

Recently, there has been increasing interest in transparency and interpretability in Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) systems. Verbal explanations, as the most natural way of communication in our daily life, deserve more attention, since…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-12-25 Xinzhi Wang , Huao Li , Hui Zhang , Michael Lewis , Katia Sycara

We consider the problem of visually explaining similarity models, i.e., explaining why a model predicts two images to be similar in addition to producing a scalar score. While much recent work in visual model interpretability has focused on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-15 Meng Zheng , Srikrishna Karanam , Terrence Chen , Richard J. Radke , Ziyan Wu

Deep learning has demonstrated the power of detailed modeling of complex high-order (multivariate) interactions in data. For some learning tasks there is power in learning models that are not only Deep but also Broad. By Broad, we mean…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-09-07 Nayyar A. Zaidi , Geoffrey I. Webb , Mark J. Carman , Francois Petitjean

The wide adoption of Machine Learning technologies has created a rapidly growing demand for people who can train ML models. Some advocated the term "machine teacher" to refer to the role of people who inject domain knowledge into ML models.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-10-01 Bhavya Ghai , Q. Vera Liao , Yunfeng Zhang , Rachel Bellamy , Klaus Mueller

Recent concept-based interpretable models have succeeded in providing meaningful explanations by pre-defined concept sets. However, the dependency on the pre-defined concepts restricts the application because of the limited number of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Shin'ya Yamaguchi , Kosuke Nishida

Learning an explainable classifier often results in low accuracy model or ends up with a huge rule set, while learning a deep model is usually more capable of handling noisy data at scale, but with the cost of hard to explain the result and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-11-11 Yuanlong Li , Gaopan Huang , Min Zhou , Chuan Fu , Honglin Qiao , Yan He

The interest in complex deep neural networks for computer vision applications is increasing. This leads to the need for improving the interpretable capabilities of these models. Recent explanation methods present visualizations of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-24 Dan Valle , Tiago Pimentel , Adriano Veloso

Explainable AI (XAI) techniques are increasingly important for the validation and responsible use of modern deep learning models, but are difficult to evaluate due to the lack of good ground-truth to compare against. We propose a framework…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Amritpal Singh , Andrey Barsky , Mohamed Ali Souibgui , Ernest Valveny , Dimosthenis Karatzas

A high-velocity paradigm shift towards Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) has emerged in recent years. Highly complex Machine Learning (ML) models have flourished in many tasks of intelligence, and the questions have started to shift…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Jacob Dineen , Don Kridel , Daniel Dolk , David Castillo

Federated learning is a paradigm of joint learning in which clients collaborate by sharing model parameters instead of data. However, in the non-iid setting, the global model experiences client drift, which can seriously affect the final…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Jiaze Li , Haoran Xu , Wanyi Wu , Changwei Wang , Shuaiguang Li , Jianzhong Ju , Zhenbo Luo , Jian Luan , Youyang Qu , Longxiang Gao , Xudong Yang , Lumin Xing

Inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) aims to explicitly infer an underlying reward function based on collected expert demonstrations. Considering that obtaining expert demonstrations can be costly, the focus of current IRL techniques is on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Lu Li , Yuxin Pan , Ruobing Chen , Jie Liu , Zilin Wang , Yu Liu , Zhiheng Li

Human understandable explanation of deep learning models is essential for various critical and sensitive applications. Unlike image or tabular data where the importance of each input feature (for the classifier's decision) can be directly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Shahbaz Rezaei , Xin Liu

Explainable artificial intelligence is the attempt to elucidate the workings of systems too complex to be directly accessible to human cognition through suitable side-information referred to as "explanations". We present a trainable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Thomas Baumhauer , Djordje Slijepcevic , Matthias Zeppelzauer

Distance metric learning (DML) approaches learn a transformation to a representation space where distance is in correspondence with a predefined notion of similarity. While such models offer a number of compelling benefits, it has been…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-03-03 Oren Rippel , Manohar Paluri , Piotr Dollar , Lubomir Bourdev

Large pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have become ubiquitous foundational components of other models and downstream tasks. Although powerful, our empirical results reveal that such models might not be able to identify fine-grained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Tang Li , Mengmeng Ma , Xi Peng

Explaining deep learning models is essential for clinical integration of medical image analysis systems. A good explanation highlights if a model depends on spurious features that undermines generalization and harms a subset of patients or,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-18 Yoni Schirris , Eric Marcus , Jonas Teuwen , Hugo Horlings , Efstratios Gavves