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The number of qubits in current quantum computers is a major restriction on their wider application. To address this issue, Ying conceived of using two or more small-capacity quantum computers to produce a larger-capacity quantum computing…
Quantum random number (QRNG) beacons distinguish themselves from classical counterparts by providing intrinsic unpredictability originating from the fundamental laws of quantum mechanics. Most demonstrations have focused on certifiable…
Device-independent quantum cryptographic schemes aim to guarantee security to users based only on the output statistics of any components used, and without the need to verify their internal functionality. Since this would protect users…
Randomized benchmarking is routinely used as an efficient method for characterizing the performance of sets of elementary logic gates in small quantum devices. In the measurement-based model of quantum computation, logic gates are…
Quantum entanglement represents an ideal resource to guarantee the security of random numbers employed in many scientific and cryptographic applications. However, entanglement-based certified random number generators are particularly…
The onset of the era of fully-programmable error-corrected quantum computers will be marked by major breakthroughs in all areas of science and engineering. These devices promise to have significant technological and societal impact, notable…
Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution removes all detector-side attacks in quantum cryptography, and in the meantime doubles the secure distance. The source side, however, is still vulnerable to various attacks. In…
The ever-increasing need for random numbers is clear in many areas of computer science, from neural networks to optimization. As such, most common programming language provide easy access to Pseudorandom Number Generators. However, these…
IBM Quantum offers free remote access to real quantum processors. One of the many experiments now accessible to all students is a test of Bell inequalities. This experiment introduces the rigorous mysteries that physicists have grappled…
We introduce a single-number metric, quantum volume, that can be measured using a concrete protocol on near-term quantum computers of modest size ($n\lesssim 50$), and measure it on several state-of-the-art transmon devices, finding values…
Significant challenges remain with the development of macroscopic quantum computing, hardware problems of noise, decoherence, and scaling, software problems of error correction, and, most important, algorithm construction. Finding truly…
One of the distinguishing features of quantum theory is that its measurement outcomes are usually unpredictable or, equivalently, random. Moreover, this randomness is certifiable with minimal assumptions in the so-called device-independent…
Quantum mechanics provides a secure means of generating random numbers, with applications in fields spanning scientific simulation to cryptography. The first source-device-independent monolithically integrated quantum random number…
Quantum computing technology has reached a second renaissance in the past five years. Increased interest from both the private and public sector combined with extraordinary theoretical and experimental progress has solidified this…
Current technological advancements of quantum computers highlight the need for application-driven, practical and well-defined methods of benchmarking their performance. As the existing NISQ device's quality of two-qubit gate errors rate is…
Pseudo-random number generators (PRNGs) are widely used in modern computing and are expected to exhibit excellent statistical performance and repeatability. This study evaluates and compares modern PRNGs used in high performance computing…
There are various notions of quantum pseudorandomness, such as pseudorandom unitaries (PRUs), pseudorandom state generators (PRSGs) and pseudorandom function-like state generators (PRFSGs). Unlike classical pseudorandomness, where different…
Characterizing and mitigating errors in current noisy intermediate-scale devices is important to improve performance of next generations of quantum hardware. In order to investigate the importance of the different noise mechanisms affecting…
A bias-free source-independent quantum random number generator scheme based on the measurement of vacuum fluctuation is proposed to realize the effective elimination of system bias and common mode noise introduced by the local oscillator.…
We present experimental results on running 4-qubit unstructured search on IBM quantum processors. Our best attempt attained probability of success around 24.5%. We try several algorithms and use the most recent developments in quantum…