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The cold dark matter paradigm has been extremely successful for explaining a wide range of cosmological phenomena. Nevertheless, since evidence for non-baryonic dark matter remains indirect, all reasonable alternatives should be explored.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Douglas Scott , Martin White , Joanne D. Cohn , Elena Pierpaoli

Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) is an alternative to the dark matter hypothesis that attempts to explain the "missing gravity" problem in astrophysics and cosmology through a modification to objects' dynamics. Since its conception in…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-29 Harry Desmond

This chapter presents Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND), the proposal that, below a certain acceleration scale $a_0$, dynamics departs from the Newtonian expectation. In that context, the determining factor for the emergence of apparent…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-01-29 Benoit Famaey , Amel Durakovic

Modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) is an empirical theory originally proposed to explain the rotation curves of spiral galaxies by modifying the gravitational acceleration, rather than by invoking dark matter. Here,we set constraints on…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-10-28 Fabio Iocco , Miguel Pato , Gianfranco Bertone

Cosmological models that invoke warm or cold dark matter can not explain observed regularities in the properties of dwarf galaxies, their highly anisotropic spatial distributions, nor the correlation between observed mass discrepancies and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-01-22 Pavel Kroupa , Marcel Pawlowski , Mordehai Milgrom

Modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) is a hypothesized modification of Newton's law of universal gravitation to account for the flat rotation curves in the outer regions of galaxies, thereby eliminating the need for dark matter. Although a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-05-28 Peter K. F. Kuhfittig

Dark matter is the generally accepted paradigm in astrophysics and cosmology as a solution to the higher rate of rotation in galaxies, among many other reasons. But since there are still some problems encountered by the standard dark matter…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-02-24 Hanna A. Sabat , Raed Z. Bani-Abdoh , Marwan S. Mousa

The Modified dynamics (MOND) has been propounded as an alternative to Dark matter. It imputes the mass discrepancy in galaxy systems to failure of standard dynamics in the limit of small accelerations. After a brief description of the MOND…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Mordehai Milgrom

MOND is a phenomenological modification of Newton's law of gravitation which reproduces the dynamics of galaxies, without the need for additional dark matter. This paper reviews the basics of MOND and its application to dwarf galaxies. MOND…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-14 Arthur Kosowsky

In this work, we propose a modified Newton dynamics (MOND) model to study the rotation curves of galaxies. The model is described by an arctangent interpolating function and it fits the rotation curves of several galaxies without invoking…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-03-03 Ana C. M. Ciqueira , Geanderson A. Carvalho , Paulo H. Faccin , Fabrício T. Dalmolin

The widely accepted dark matter hypothesis offers a seductive solution to missing mass problems (galaxies, clusters of galaxies, gravitational collapse in structure formation,...). However the physical nature of the Dark Matter itself is…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Etienne Pointecouteau

Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) is a possible solution for the missing mass problem in galactic dynamics; its predictions are in good agreement with observations in the limit of weak accelerations. However, MOND does not derive from a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-01-18 Sascha Trippe

Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) is a gravitational framework designed to explain the astronomical observations in the Universe without the inclusion of particle dark matter. Modified Newtonian Dynamics, in its current form, cannot…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-02-15 Alistair Hodson , Hongsheng Zhao

MOND-- modified Newtonian dynamics-- may be viewed as an algorithm for calculating the distribution of force in an astronomical object from the observed distribution of baryonic matter. The fact that it works for galaxies is quite…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-06-17 R. H. Sanders

I show that Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) is equivalent to assuming an isothermal dark matter density profile, with its density related to the enclosed total baryonic mass. This density profile can be deduced by physical laws if a dark…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 Man Ho Chan

Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MoND) is an empirically modification of Newtonian gravity at largest scales in order to explain rotation curves of galaxies, as an alternative to nonbaryonic dark matter. But MoND theories can hardly connect…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-07-21 Nelson Falcon

We analyse the rotation curves and gravitational stability of a sample of six bulgeless galaxies for which detailed images reveal no evidence for strong bars. We explore two scenarios: Newtonian dark matter models and MOdified Newtonian…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-08-31 F. J. Sanchez-Salcedo , E. Martinez-Gomez , V. M. Aguirre-Torres , H. M. Hernandez-Toledo

Modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) is an empirically motivated modification of Newtonian gravity or inertia suggested by Milgrom as an alternative to cosmic dark matter. The basic idea is that at accelerations below a0 ~ 10^{-8} cm/s^2 ~…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Robert H. Sanders , Stacy S. McGaugh

Although the existence of dark matter has been widely acknowledged in the cosmology community, it is as yet unknown in nature, despite decades of research, which questions its very existence. This never-ending search for dark matter leads…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-12 Even Coquery , Alain Blanchard

Modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) is a possible way to explain the flat galaxy rotation curves without invoking the existence of dark matter. It is however quite difficult to predict such a phenomenology in a consistent field theory, free…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-18 Jean-Philippe Bruneton , Gilles Esposito-Farese
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