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Audio-LLM introduces audio modality into a large language model (LLM) to enable a powerful LLM to recognize, understand, and generate audio. However, during speech recognition in noisy environments, we observed the presence of illusions and…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Yangze Li , Xiong Wang , Songjun Cao , Yike Zhang , Long Ma , Lei Xie

The Speaker Diarization and Recognition (SDR) task aims to predict "who spoke when and what" within an audio clip, which is a crucial task in various real-world multi-speaker scenarios such as meeting transcription and dialogue systems.…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Han Yin , Yafeng Chen , Chong Deng , Luyao Cheng , Hui Wang , Chao-Hong Tan , Qian Chen , Wen Wang , Xiangang Li

Speech-aware LLMs (SLLMs) have recently achieved state-of-the-art ASR performance; however, they still fail to accurately transcribe bias words that appear rarely or never in the training data. Contextual biasing mechanisms are commonly…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-15 Sashi Novitasari , Takashi Fukuda , Kurata Gakuto , George Saon

Conversational systems relying on text-based large language models (LLMs) often overlook paralinguistic cues, essential for understanding emotions and intentions. Speech-language models (SLMs), which use speech as input, are emerging as a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Chun Wang , Chenyang Liu , Wenze Xu , Weihong Deng

While there has been substantial amount of work in speaker diarization recently, there are few efforts in jointly employing lexical and acoustic information for speaker segmentation. Towards that, we investigate a speaker diarization system…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-05-29 Tae Jin Park , Panayiotis Georgiou

This paper explores enabling large language models (LLMs) to understand spatial information from multichannel audio, a skill currently lacking in auditory LLMs. By leveraging LLMs' advanced cognitive and inferential abilities, the aim is to…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Changli Tang , Wenyi Yu , Guangzhi Sun , Xianzhao Chen , Tian Tan , Wei Li , Jun Zhang , Lu Lu , Zejun Ma , Yuxuan Wang , Chao Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit emerging in-context learning abilities through prompt engineering. The recent progress in large-scale generative models has further expanded their use in real-world language applications. However, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Linyi Yang , Shuibai Zhang , Zhuohao Yu , Guangsheng Bao , Yidong Wang , Jindong Wang , Ruochen Xu , Wei Ye , Xing Xie , Weizhu Chen , Yue Zhang

As audio-first agents become increasingly common in physical AI, conversational robots, and screenless wearables, audio large language models (audio-LLMs) must integrate speaker-specific understanding to support user authorization,…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-15 KiHyun Nam , Jungwoo Heo , Siu Bae , Ha-Jin Yu , Joon Son Chung

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at capturing latent semantics and contextual relationships across diverse modalities. However, in modeling user behavior from sequential interaction data, performance often suffers when such semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Mahsa Valizadeh , Xiangjue Dong , Rui Tuo , James Caverlee

LLM-based automatic speech recognition models demonstrate strong performance by connecting audio encoders and LLMs. However, data scarcity of paired speech and transcription often hinders their adaptation to new domains, making text-only…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Ryo Magoshi , Takashi Maekaku , Yusuke Shinohara

As Large Language Models (LLMs) become increasingly sophisticated and ubiquitous in natural language processing (NLP) applications, ensuring their robustness, trustworthiness, and alignment with human values has become a critical challenge.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Wrick Talukdar , Anjanava Biswas

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently garnered significant attention, primarily for their capabilities in text-based interactions. However, natural human interaction often relies on speech, necessitating a shift towards voice-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Wenqian Cui , Dianzhi Yu , Xiaoqi Jiao , Ziqiao Meng , Guangyan Zhang , Qichao Wang , Yiwen Guo , Irwin King

Large Language Models (LLMs) can generate text by transferring style attributes like formality resulting in formal or informal text. However, instructing LLMs to generate text that when spoken, is more intelligible in an acoustically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Anupama Chingacham , Miaoran Zhang , Vera Demberg , Dietrich Klakow

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have spurred interest in expanding their application beyond text-based tasks. A large number of studies have explored integrating other modalities with LLMs, notably speech modality, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Zhengdong Yang , Shuichiro Shimizu , Yahan Yu , Chenhui Chu

While external language models (LMs) are often incorporated into the decoding stage of automated speech recognition systems, these models usually operate with limited context. Cross utterance information has been shown to be beneficial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Robert Flynn , Anton Ragni

Speaker diarization has gained considerable attention within speech processing research community. Mainstream speaker diarization rely primarily on speakers' voice characteristics extracted from acoustic signals and often overlook the…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Luyao Cheng , Siqi Zheng , Qinglin Zhang , Hui Wang , Yafeng Chen , Qian Chen , Shiliang Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized the landscape of Natural Language Processing systems, but are computationally expensive. To reduce the cost without sacrificing performance, previous studies have explored various approaches…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Chia-Hsuan Lee , Hao Cheng , Mari Ostendorf

Large Audio Language Models (LALMs) have emerged as powerful tools for speech-related tasks but remain underexplored for fine-tuning, especially with limited speech data. To bridge this gap, we systematically examine how different…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Youngwon Choi , Jaeyoon Jung , Hyeonyu Kim , Huu-Kim Nguyen , Hwayeon Kim

Speech Large Language Models (LLMs) that understand and follow instructions in many languages are useful for real-world interaction, but are difficult to train with supervised fine-tuning, requiring large, task-specific speech corpora.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Shreyas Gopal , Donghang Wu , Ashutosh Anshul , Yeo Yue Heng , Yizhou Peng , Haoyang Li , Hexin Liu , Eng Siong Chng

Large Audio-Language Models (LALMs) have shown strong performance in speech understanding, making speech a natural interface for accessing factual information. Yet they are trained on static corpora and may encode incorrect facts. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Sung Kyun Chung , Jiaheng Dong , Qiuchi Hu , Gongping Huang , Hong Jia , Ting Dang