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Large language models have the potential to simplify formal theorem proving and make it more accessible. But how to get the most out of these models is still an open question. To answer this question, we take a step back and explore the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Shizhuo Dylan Zhang , Talia Ringer , Emily First

With the advancement of large language models (LLMs), an increasing number of student models have leveraged LLMs to analyze textual artifacts generated by students to understand and evaluate their learning. These student models typically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Jiayi Zhang

Measuring a document's complexity level is an open challenge, particularly when one is working on a diverse corpus of documents rather than comparing several documents on a similar topic or working on a language other than English. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-01 Vincent Primpied , David Beauchemin , Richard Khoury

The interest in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and its applications has seen unprecedented growth in the last few years. The success can be partly attributed to the advancements of deep neural networks made in the sub-fields of AI such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-20 Xuewen Yang

Probing techniques for large language models (LLMs) have primarily focused on English, overlooking the vast majority of the world's languages. In this paper, we extend these probing methods to a multilingual context, investigating the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Daoyang Li , Haiyan Zhao , Qingcheng Zeng , Mengnan Du

Despite their outstanding performance, large language models (LLMs) suffer notorious flaws related to their preference for simple, surface-level textual relations over full semantic complexity of the problem. This proposal investigates a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-20 Michal Štefánik

Readability assessment aims to automatically classify text by the level appropriate for learning readers. Traditional approaches to this task utilize a variety of linguistically motivated features paired with simple machine learning models.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-04 Tovly Deutsch , Masoud Jasbi , Stuart Shieber

We investigate a new setting for foreign language learning, where learners infer the meaning of unfamiliar words in a multimodal context of a sentence describing a paired image. We conduct studies with human participants using different…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Yufei Wang , Adriana Kovashka , Loretta Fernández , Marc N. Coutanche , Seth Wiener

Language model fine-tuning is essential for modern natural language processing, but is computationally expensive and time-consuming. Further, the effectiveness of fine-tuning is limited by the inclusion of training examples that negatively…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Richard Antonello , Nicole Beckage , Javier Turek , Alexander Huth

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being adopted in educational settings. These applications expand beyond English, though current LLMs remain primarily English-centric. In this work, we ascertain if their use in education…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Vansh Gupta , Sankalan Pal Chowdhury , Vilém Zouhar , Donya Rooein , Mrinmaya Sachan

A key part of learning to program is learning to understand programming error messages. They can be hard to interpret and identifying the cause of errors can be time-consuming. One factor in this challenge is that the messages are typically…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Juho Leinonen , Arto Hellas , Sami Sarsa , Brent Reeves , Paul Denny , James Prather , Brett A. Becker

In recent years, large language models (e.g., Open AI's GPT-4, Meta's LLaMa, Google's PaLM) have become the dominant approach for building AI systems to analyze and generate language online. However, the automated systems that increasingly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Gabriel Nicholas , Aliya Bhatia

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly enhanced their capacity to process long contexts. However, effectively utilizing this long context remains a challenge due to the issue of distraction, where irrelevant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Zijun Wu , Bingyuan Liu , Ran Yan , Lei Chen , Thomas Delteil

Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for supporting second language acquisition, particularly in simulating interactive dialogues for speaking practice. However, adapting the language difficulty of LLM-generated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Shuyao Xu , Wenguang Wang , Handong Gao , Wei Kang , Long Qin , Weizhi Wang

Large language models are ubiquitous in natural language processing because they can adapt to new tasks without retraining. However, their sheer scale and complexity present unique challenges and opportunities, prompting researchers and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Leo Donisch , Sigurd Schacht , Carsten Lanquillon

Large Language Models (LLMs) are transforming the way people generate, explore, and engage with content. We study how we can develop LLM applications for online social networks. Despite LLMs' successes in other domains, it is challenging to…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-01-08 Jingying Zeng , Richard Huang , Waleed Malik , Langxuan Yin , Bojan Babic , Danny Shacham , Xiao Yan , Jaewon Yang , Qi He

In second language learning, scenario-based conversation practice is important for language learners to achieve fluency in speaking, but students often lack sufficient opportunities to practice their conversational skills with qualified…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Shuyao Xu , Long Qin , Tianyang Chen , Zhenzhou Zha , Bingxue Qiu , Weizhi Wang

Due to the remarkable language understanding and generation abilities of large language models (LLMs), their use in educational applications has been explored. However, little work has been done on investigating the pedagogical ability of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-23 An-Zi Yen , Wei-Ling Hsu

This study presents a systematic approach to identifying and characterizing student misconceptions in online learning environments through a novel combination of quantitative performance analysis and large language model (LLM) assessment.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Michael J. Parker , Maria G. Zavala-Cerna

Advances in Natural Language Processing (NLP) have revolutionized the way researchers and practitioners address crucial societal problems. Large language models are now the standard to develop state-of-the-art solutions for text detection…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Gaurav Verma , Rohit Mujumdar , Zijie J. Wang , Munmun De Choudhury , Srijan Kumar