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We present a generative model that is defined on finite sets of exchangeable, potentially high dimensional, data. As the architecture is an extension of RealNVPs, it inherits all its favorable properties, such as being invertible and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-09 Kashif Rasul , Ingmar Schuster , Roland Vollgraf , Urs Bergmann

Machine learning offers an intriguing alternative to first-principles analysis for discovering new physics from experimental data. However, to date, purely data-driven methods have only proven successful in uncovering physical laws…

Flow-based models have proven successful for time-series generation, particularly when defined in lower-dimensional latent spaces that enable efficient sampling. However, how to design latent representations with desirable equivariance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Camilo Carvajal Reyes , Felipe Tobar

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging (MRSI) is an essential tool for quantifying metabolites in the body, but the low spatial resolution limits its clinical applications. Deep learning-based super-resolution methods provided promising…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-22 Siyuan Dong , Gilbert Hangel , Eric Z. Chen , Shanhui Sun , Wolfgang Bogner , Georg Widhalm , Chenyu You , John A. Onofrey , Robin de Graaf , James S. Duncan

Recent advances in generative modeling, namely Diffusion models, have revolutionized generative modeling, enabling high-quality image generation tailored to user needs. This paper proposes a framework for the generative design of structural…

Real-world data with underlying structure, such as pictures of faces, are hypothesized to lie on a low-dimensional manifold. This manifold hypothesis has motivated state-of-the-art generative algorithms that learn low-dimensional data…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-04-28 Edmond Cunningham , Renos Zabounidis , Abhinav Agrawal , Madalina Fiterau , Daniel Sheldon

We introduce a new paradigm for generative modeling built on Continuous Normalizing Flows (CNFs), allowing us to train CNFs at unprecedented scale. Specifically, we present the notion of Flow Matching (FM), a simulation-free approach for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-09 Yaron Lipman , Ricky T. Q. Chen , Heli Ben-Hamu , Maximilian Nickel , Matt Le

Optical flow is the motion of a pixel between at least two consecutive video frames and can be estimated through an end-to-end trainable convolutional neural network. To this end, large training datasets are required to improve the accuracy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-19 Roman Seidel , André Apitzsch , Gangolf Hirtz

Flow matching has recently emerged as a principled framework for learning continuous-time transport maps, enabling efficient ODE-based sampling without relying on stochastic diffusion processes. While generative modeling has shown promise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Zhi Chen , Runze Hu , Le Zhang

Flow matching has emerged as a powerful generative framework, with recent few-step methods achieving remarkable inference acceleration. However, we identify a critical yet overlooked limitation: these models suffer from severe diversity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Yexiong Lin , Jia Shi , Shanshan Ye , Wanyu Wang , Yu Yao , Tongliang Liu

We propose a principled and effective framework for one-step generative modeling. We introduce the notion of average velocity to characterize flow fields, in contrast to instantaneous velocity modeled by Flow Matching methods. A…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Zhengyang Geng , Mingyang Deng , Xingjian Bai , J. Zico Kolter , Kaiming He

Flow-based generative models show great potential in image synthesis due to its reversible pipeline and exact log-likelihood target, yet it suffers from weak ability for conditional image synthesis, especially for multi-label or unaware…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-04 Rui Liu , Yu Liu , Xinyu Gong , Xiaogang Wang , Hongsheng Li

Fluid flow around a random distribution of stationary spherical particles is a problem of substantial importance in the study of dispersed multiphase flows. In this paper we present a machine learning methodology using Generative…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-11-02 B. Siddani , S. Balachandar , W. C. Moore , Y. Yang , R. Fang

Modern generative machine learning models demonstrate surprising ability to create realistic outputs far beyond their training data, such as photorealistic artwork, accurate protein structures, or conversational text. These successes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-17 William Gilpin

Diffusion models have recently driven significant breakthroughs in generative modeling. While state-of-the-art models produce high-quality samples on average, individual samples can still be low quality. Detecting such samples without human…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Metod Jazbec , Eliot Wong-Toi , Guoxuan Xia , Dan Zhang , Eric Nalisnick , Stephan Mandt

Recent diffusion and flow matching models have demonstrated strong capabilities in image generation and editing by progressively removing noise through iterative sampling. While this enables flexible inversion for semantic-preserving edits,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Yasong Dai , Zeeshan Hayder , David Ahmedt-Aristizabal , Hongdong Li

Despite the remarkable success of sampling-based generative models such as flow matching, they can still produce samples of inconsistent or degraded quality. To assess sample reliability and generate higher-quality outputs, we propose…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Juyeop Han , Lukas Lao Beyer , Sertac Karaman

Generating high-quality time-series data is challenging because real-world signals often exhibit multimodal patterns and multiscale dynamics, including oscillations and high-frequency variations. Flow Matching (FM) offers an efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Junru Zhang , Lang Feng , Jinbo Wang , Xu Guo , Yucheng Wang , Han Yu , Min Wu , Yabo Dong , Duanqing Xu

Reconstructing near-wall turbulence from wall-based measurements is a critical yet inherently ill-posed problem in wall-bounded flows, where limited sensing and spatially heterogeneous flow-wall coupling challenge deterministic estimation…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-04-22 Meet Hemant Parikh , Xiantao Fan , Jian-Xun Wang

Diffusion models (DMs) have rapidly emerged as a powerful framework for image generation and restoration. However, existing DMs are primarily trained in a supervised manner by using a large corpus of clean images. This reliance on clean…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-15 Brett Levac , Jon Tamir , Marcelo Pereyra , Julian Tachella